1990 POPULATION CENSUS Detailed data based on a 2 per cent representative sample (1992)

B/ Main characteristics of households and families

Composition of families On January 1, 1990, there were 8 618 000 persons living in the conuntry's 2 936 000 families, 96 per cent of the persons living in family households. Since 1980, the number of families and persons living in families fell by 3 per cent each and so the decrease in the average family size having taken place for decades, though at a diminishing pace, has stopped almost completely. Between 1949 and 1980, the proportion of families with married couples fluctuated between 87 and 90 per cent (it was the highest in 1970), by 1990, however, it fell to under 85 per cent. The share of couples with children decreased from 60 per cent in 1949 to 50 per cent by 1990. From another viewpoint: during the past 20 years the number of married couples with children declined by 142 000, i.e. by nearly 9 per cent, and this decrease occurred almost completely in the past decade. As a result of the fall in the proportion of families with married couples, by now, in each sixth family already only one parent lives together with his/her never married child, i.e. the number and proportion of mothers and fathers, respectively, living spouseles and only with their child has increased significantly. This can be attributed, among others, to the continuous growth in the number of divorces and - to a smaller extent - to the evolution of mortality indicators, reflected beside the consequences outlined above, also in a decrease in the share of families with married couples. All this contributes to the increase two and a half times since 1970 and by 71 per cent over the last ten years in the number of father-with-child type families. The number of mother-with-child type families, compared to the former group, has increased in a smaller proportion but more significantly in numbers. Between 1980 and 1990, the number of families belonging to the first type grew by 40 000, that of the latter type - by 71 000. Thus, the decline over the past decade by 3 per cent in the number of families results, from the balance of the decrease by nearly 8 per cent of the families with married couples, among them, especially of those with children on the one hand, and of the increase by nearly one third in the number of one-parent-with child families, on the other. 36. Families by family composition Family composition Number

(1000) Percentage Index: 1980 1990 Family composition 1949 1960 1970 1980 1990 1949 1960 1970 1980 1990 1970=100,0 1980=100,0 Married couples without children 640 849 974 1066 1003 26.8 30. ,8 33.7 35.2 34.2 109.4 102.9 94.1 with child(ren) 1439 1539 1623 1621 1481 60.3 55. ,8 56.1 53.5 50.4 99.9 91.3 91.4 Together 2078 2388 2598 2686 2484 87.1 86, .6 89.8 88.7 84.6 103.4 95.6 92.5 Lone parents fathers with child(ren) 39 33 37 56 96 1.6 1. .2 1.3 1.9 3.3 150.0 256.7 171.1 mothers with child(ren) 268 336 256 285 356 11.2 12, .2 8.9 9.4 12.1 111.4 139.1 124.9 Together 307 369 293 341 452 12.9 13, .4 10.2 11.3 15.4 116.3 154.1 132.5 Total 2385 2757 2891 3028 2936 100.0 100, .0 100.0 100.0 100.0 104.7 101.6 97.0 Compared to the situation 10 years ago, the number of persons per 100 families has fallen only by 1 person, at present, it is 293 persons. The pace of the decline has diminished constinuously

, between 1949 and 1960, the value of the indicator fell still by 27 persons during the subsequent ten-year period — by 11 persons, and then — by 7 persons. 34