1990 POPULATION CENSUS Detailed data based on a 2 per cent representative sample (1992)

B/ Main characteristics of households and families

34. Households by the number of active earners Humber of active earners Number(1000) In percentage of all households Index: Humber of active earners Number(1000) In percentage of all households 1930 1990 Humber of active earners 1970 1980 1990 1970 1980 1990 1970=100,0 1980=100,0 1 1192 1155 1140 35 3 31.1 29 9 96 9 95.6 98.7 2 1152 1282 1132 34 1 34.5 29 7 111 3 98.3 88.3 3 296 294 254 8 8 7.9 6 7 99 3 85.8 86.3 4-X 106 85 61 3 1 2.3 1 6 80 4 57.4 71.5 No active earners There is (are): Unemployed person(s) 39 1 0 . Only inactive earner(s) 550 847 1131 16 3 22.8 29 6 154 1 205.6 133.4 Only dependent(s) 82 55 59 2 4 1.5 1 5 67 8 72.2 106.5 Examining the composition of households by the number of earners it can be established that — in connection with the ageing process of the population — the number of active earners per 100 households is the lowest (105 persons) in Budapest, while the joint number of inactive earners and dependents per 100 active earners living in households is the highest in rural areas (138 persons). The value of this latter indicator is the most favourable in the other úrban areas, within them, in the county seats (118 and 116 persons, respectively), while in the capital it is almost identical with the average of the country. In 1970, 48 per cent of the one-person households were of active earners, while in 29 per cent and in a further 29 per cent of the two-person households both members of the household and only one person were and, respectively, was economically active. There were at least two economically active members in 62 per cent of the three-person households and in 69 per cent of the four-person households. At present 31 per cent of one person households are households of economically activ persons and only economically active persons live in 21 per cent of the two-person households. Among the latter, the share of households with one economically active member is 30 per cent. In 1990, there were two or three economically active members in 56 per cent of the three-person households and in the households consisting of four members the share of the households with two or more economically active persons was 75 per cent. In the case of the latter, this proportion had evolved already by 1980 (at that time, it was 75 per cent) while in the three-person households the decline occurred in the 1980s (in 1980 the respective proportion was still 63 per cent). Examining the households by the age-structure of those living in them, it can be established that 38 per cent of all the households and exactly half of the family households consist of young and middleaged persons, mostly of families with children. The one-generation households, i.e. those in which only young, only middle-aged or only elderly persons live represent 46 per cent of the totál number of households, which is identical with the respective proportion in 1980. The age-structure of these households, however, changed significantly. While the share of the households of the middle-aged among all households is unvariably between 15 and 16 per cent, the proportion of households consisting only of young persons feli from 12 per cent, ten years earlier to 9 per cent and that of the households of the elderly grew from 18 per cent to 22 per cent. The number of the latter households grew from 661 000 to 826 000 during ten years, of them, the share of one-person households is 57 per cent, but alsó proportion of two-person households consisting of an old married couple is alsó significant (39 per cent). Three quarters of the households live in their flats as owners or the latter's relatives, a further 23 per cent as tenants or the latter's relatives. By comparing these data with . the 1980 figures the great decline in the number and proportion of state housing construction in the eighties becomes visible.The selling of state-owned tenemant-dwellings which started in the second half of the 1980s increased the decline in the proportion of households living in the legal relationship of tenancy. This impact will probably be felt alsó in the future and will be one of the motives of the expected further 32