1990 POPULATION CENSUS Detailed data based on a 2 per cent representative sample (1992)
I. REVIEW OF THE DATA - A/ Main characteristics of the population
18. Active earners by sex Male active earners Female active earners Year Male Female in percentage of Year males all active earners females all active earners (1000 persons) males all active earners females all active earners 1970 2933 2055 58.6 58.8 38.6 41.2 1980 2867 2202 55.3 56.6 39.9 43.4 1990 2477 1990 49.7 55.4 36.9 44.6 Within the population of productive age, in 1990, over four fifths of the 15-59 year old males (81 per cent) were economically active, despite the great decrease occurred since 1930. The rest consisted mostly of pupils/students of day schools, pensioners permitted to retire before pensionable age, pensioners on account of disability, and a smaller part was represented by the unemployed (2.4 per cent) and dependents. The share of active earners among the 15-54 year old economically active females grew gradually earlier, then it decreased to a certain extent and in 1990 it was 69 per cent. However, the employment rate, calculated including alsó those receiving child-care allowance and fee, respectively, was already 78 per cent, which was scarcely lower compared to the males. A further part of women of productive age alsó consisted predominantly of pupils, students as well as of pensioners permitted to retire before reaching pensionable age and pensioners on account of disability. The group of "other dependents" — covering mostly the homemakers has continued to decrease since 1980. Alsó of the females of productive age who did not learn and had no income relatively few declared that they are willing to take a job (on this basis 1.2 per cent of the 15-54 year femaie population were classified as unemployed). 19. The population of legal working age by economic activity and sex (percentage) Economic activity Male aged 15-59 Female aged 15-54 Economic activity 1970 1980 1990 1970 1980 1990 Active earners 87.4 87.4 80.7 63.7 70.8 69.4 Unemployed 3 7 . . 2.4 . . 1.2 Inactive earners 2.9 5.3 7.1 6.2 12.5 13.8 Of which: pensioners and other inactive 2.9 5.3 7.1 1.3 2.9 4.9 those receiving child-care allowance - - 0.1 7 4.9 9.5 8.9 D / Dependents 9.8 7.3 9.7 30.2 16.8 15.6 Of which: pupils, students, 8.6 6.2 8.5 6.9 6.0 8.7 other dependents 1.2 1.0 1.3 23.3 10.8 6.9 Totál 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 a/ Including those seeking first employment. b/ Including those receiving child-care fee. Due to the above mentioned demographic causes, the number and proportion of economically active persons under 30 years feli somewhat in the 1970s and to a great extent in the 1980s. On the other hand, the number and proportion of those aged 30-39 years increased, because this age-group included the large 17
