1980 HUNGARIAN CENSUS OF POPULATION Summary data (1984)

XI. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION/ THE FLATS", AND THE BUILDINGS OF HOUSING ESTATES

The proportion of households which consist of old and younger persons in towns (percentage) Age composition Housing estate Other 1. Only old persons 2. Old and young persons 3. Old and middle aged persons 4. Old, young and middle aged 5. Old with younger persons (2+3+4) 7.4 1.6 5.2 4.7 11.5 20. 6 2. 5 9. 1 6.7 18.3 While at housing estates almost half of the households consist of middle aged and young persons, this proportion is 30 percent at other places. The age composition at housing estates can be explained by the fact, that mostly middle aged couples with children were allocated flats at housing estates. At the same time the proportion of households which consist of only young persons is also higher at housing estates than other places where in many cases young couples live temporarily together with their parents. The economic activity of housing estates households is different from that of other places. While at housing estates the proportion of two-earners-households is almost 50 percent, this proportion is less than 30 percent at other places. The reason for this is that at housing estates the proportion of active wives is higher than at other places. If we considered the inactive earners on child-care-allowance as active earners, the above proportion would be even higher at housing estates. At the housing estates and at other places - on the basis of class and stratum structure - 72-73 percent of the active-earner-households are homogeneous and 27-28 percent are heterogeneous.Among the homogeneous households at housing estates the two most considerable groups are the working class households (39 percent) and the nonmanual households (32 percent). The proportion of the latter is lower at other places: 26 percent. The cooperative peasantry obviously constitutes an insignificant proportion at the housing estates. Among the heterogeneous households the most frequent at housing estates are the working class - nonmanual households: 23 percent. Withint this in 17 percent of the households the household head is worker and in 6 percent nonmanual. In 1980 almost half million families lived at housing estates, 16 percent of all families. The housing estate families' composition by family type is different from other places. The most considerable difference is that at the housing estates the proportion of childless families is much lower and the proportion of couples with children is higher than at other places. The childless couples can be classified into two large groups. In the first group are those young couples who do not have children got. The other group consist of older couples who had had children but they grew up and separated from the family. However, these latter group lives in traditional city districts obviously in higher proportion than at housing estates. The number of children per 100 families is considerably, by 33 percent higher at housing estates than at other places. The housing estate surplus is high especially at Budapest: 41 percent, but it is considerable also in other towns: 28 percent. In spite of this the number of children per 100 families at Budapest is well below that in other towns. The number of children per 100 families in towns Towns Housing estate Other Housing estate in percentage of other places Budapest 114 81 141 Other towns 131 102 128 Total 125 94 133 THE MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HOUSING ESTATE DWELLING HOUSES AND FLATS In 1980 there were 469 housing estates in the country. 93 at Budapest, 133 at the county seats, 182 in other towns and 61 in the villages. There are only a few such towns where there is no housing estate, and only a few villages where there is a housing estate. Till 1980 34 800 dwelling houses were built at the housing estates of the country, 21 percent (7 200) at Budapest, 73 percent (25 500) in other towns and 6 percent (2 100) in the villages. The housing 153