1980 HUNGARIAN CENSUS OF POPULATION Summary data (1984)

VIII. THE CHANGE IN THE SIZE AND COMPOSITION OF HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES

The development of the number of children in the families reflects the changes in the history of Hungarian fertility. Recently women give birth to their first and second child within a short period after the marriage, but few have three more, children. The number of families living with one 15 year old or younger child decreased by 10 percent in the course of the past decade, at the same time there was a considerable rise (by more than one third) in the number of families living with 2 children of such age. The number of families living with 3 15 year old or younger children also rose (by 13 percent), but they still constitute only 5 percent of all families with children. The number of families with 4 or more children aged 15 or older decreased considerably, it was less by one third in 1980 than at the time of the previous census. The number of 1 5 year old or younger children per 100 families with children was 130 in 1960, in 1970 it was 108, since then there was a slight rise because of earlier mentioned reasons, 1980 it was 113. The families with children by the number of 1 5 year old or younger children (percentage) Number of 15 year old or younger children 1960 1970 1980 Index: 1980 1970=100.0 0 25. 5 30. 6 29. 6 98. 9 1 38. 6 41. 1 36. 0 89. 8 2 23.8 21.7 28. 0 132. 2 3 7. 7 4.4 4. 9 113.4 4 -X 4.4 2.2 1. 5 68. 1 Total 100. 0 100. 0 100. 0 102.4 Number of 1 5 year old or younger children per 100 families with children 130 108 113 THE SOCIO-OCCUPATIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE FAMILIES The changes in the society's social-occupational relations altered - similarly to the households the social-occupational composition of the families. Since the last census, due to the great increase in the number of pensioners, there was a considerable rise in the proportion of families where the husband, the father or the mother is inactive earner (from 20 percent to 26 percent). Among the families of active earner family heads there was a considerable decrease in the proportion of agricultural manuals' families in 1949 almost half of all families had agricultural manual family heads, in 1970 in every sixth and at present in every 14th family the family head was agricultural manual active earner. In the case of the families of non-agricultural manual family heads there was no considerable change in the proportion, it rose from 45 percent to 47 percent in the past twenty years. The proportion of the families of nonmanual family heads has been rising continuously since 1949, but the change was not considerable in the past 10 years. The families by the economic activity and the social-occupational group of the family head (percentage) The social-occupational group Active earner Inactive earner of the family head 1960 1970 1980 1960 1970 1980 Agricultural manual Non-agricultural manual Non-manual Total 33.4 44. 8 13.8 92. 0 15. 6 45. 9 18. 6 80. 1 7.2 46. 7 19. 9 73. 8 6.3 1.7 8.0 6. 1 10. 5 3. 3 19. 9 6. 3 15. 0 4. 9 26. 2 Since 1970 the change in the average family size - considering only the largest social-occupational groups - was greatest, among the active earner agricultural manuals' families and among the inactive earner non-agricultural manuals' families. The number of family members per 100 families rose by 9 in the latter group and fell by 9 in the former group. The average number of children has not changed in the seventies for the active earner families; within this the number of children grew by 8 in the families of agricultural manual family heads, grew by 3 in the families of nonmanual family heads and decreased by 2 in the families of non-agricultural manual family heads. Since 1970 the number of 1 5 year old or younger children per 100 families rose in every family where the father or the mother was active earner. The rise was most considerable in the families of nonmanual family heads. 125