Műtárgyvédelem, 2008 (Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum)
Márton Zsuzsanna - Dobai Csaba - Galambos Éva - Dicső Ágnes - Nemcsics Imre - Kántor Zoltán - Lengyel László - Kovács Zoltán - Sánta Imre - Szentkirályi Miklós: Lézerek alkalmazása a restaurálásban Magyarországon : a Déri-projekt eredményeiről
9. R. Bordalo, P. J. Morais, H. Gouveia and C. Young: Laser Cleaning of Easel Paintings: An Overview In: Laser Chemistry Vol. 2006, pp. 1-9. 10. J. H. Schölten, J. M. Teule, V. Zafiropulos, R. M. A. Heeren: Controlled laser cleaning of painted artworks using accurate beam manipulation and on-line LIBS-detection, In: Journal of Cultural Heritage 1.2000. pp. S215-S220. Lasers in conservation of artwork - in Hungary on the results of the Déri-project Zsuzsanna Márton, Csaba Dobai, Éva Galambos, Ágnes Dicső, Imre Nemcsics, Zoltán Kántor, László Lengyel, Zoltán Kovács, Imre Sánta, Miklós Szentkirályi Lasers have been used in conservation of cultural heritage objects since the early 1970s. Nowadays, arts objects of different material, age and deterioration are diagnosed and cleaned by laser all around the world, both in leading museums and on-site. In Hungary, however, we can mention only a few previous examples for laser application in conservation, those concern laser cleaning of stone sculptures and frescoes. In the year 2006, the Cooperative Research Centre of the University of Pécs, the Museum of Fine Arts, the Association of Hungarian Conservators, the University of Pannónia and the Micro-material Ltd. concluded a consortium agreement in order to join together to the European EURECA LASCAN project. The consortium received state aid, in the framework of the Déri Miksa program, for experimental study of the laser cleaning and the removal of aged varnish from paintings. The present article accounts on the results of these experiments. Five old test paintings - representing little artistic value but a wide range of physical structure, general state, material composition and deteriorations - were selected from the depository of the Museum of Fine Arts. Prior to laser treatment, these test paintings were documented, and cleaning tests were performed on them with different solvents, in order to serve as reference for laser cleaning. In the laser cleaning experiments, first the optimum laser energy density, scanning overlap, laser repetition rate were determined for each painting and laser type. Laser cleaning tests were carried out by slightly varying the laser parameters around the optimum values. The cleaning efficiency was found to be dependent not only on laser parameters, but also on the inhomogeneous surface characteristics of the paintings. Out of the nine different lasers that were tested, the KrF laser, working at 248 nm and the 266 nm wavelength of the ND:YAG laser proved to be the most efficient, due to their short penetration length and the consequent large ablation yield and processing accuracy. Examples are shown where the result of laser varnish removal is comparable or even better than that of traditional solvent method. Over painting was also successfully removed from over a varnish layer. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the unique characteristics of the arts objects can influence the applicability of the laser cleaning method significantly. Artificial cracks, where the varnish layer 59
