Conservation around the Millennium (Hungarian National Museum, 2001)
Pages - 123
7 It is characteristic of goatskin that the grain and the fur-side are loosely attached, they can be separated by simple tearing. In result, an extremely thin layer can be gained which is easy to shape. 8 After removing the onlays the impression of the pattern appeared, which means that the motifs were pressed simultaneously into the leather and the paper and not the paper pressed in advance was applied on the lid of the case. 9 The material of the printing block can be guessed from the sharp contours and depth of the prints. A wooden block would be unsuitable to create lines of such depth and sharpness. 10 Both could be the binding substance of the metal foil at that time. Glue can be dissolved in water and since the metal ornament could be washed down from the onlays, probably glue was used in this case. 11 Herzberg reagent: Solution A: 50 g zinc-chloride and 25 ml distilled water Solution B: 5.25 g potassium-idodide, 0.25 g iodine and 12.5 ml distilled water 12 Preparation of the reagent: 1.7 g. potassium-iodide and 2.5 g iodine have to be diluted in 100 ml water 13 Glue from wheat or rye gluten are made from flour with cooking. The glue contains the husk of the seeds as well, which appear in the form of brown grains. Composition: starch, protein. 14 Treatment in water can cause the fading of the colour or the outlines of some patches. Spots with yellowish borders called water spots are composed of the earlier mentioned disintegration products, which can usually be dissolved without trace. The spots, originating mostly from inclusion, carry away the impurities found in the paper, and the border of the diffusion is marked by a yellow line. 15 The pH of the solution had to be stabilised at 9. Calcium-oxide (CaO) diluted in water forms calcium-hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). Being absorbed in the paper and desiccated in fresh air it meets the atmospheric carbon dioxide (C02) and they form an alkaline type insoluble salt. With acids that appear later, calcium-carbonate (CaC03) forms insoluble or neutral sulphate. So it is suitable not only to neutralise the acid remains in the paper but also to neutralise future acid development. 16 Mixture of stuffing matter, water, detergent (which is an emulsifier). 17 The composition of the likker is the following: 30 ml hoof oil, 10 g lanolin 40 g fatty alcoholic sulphate (emulsifier and surface active substance), 400 ml water and 3 ml 2% Preventol CMK (parachlorine-metacresol) diluted in isopropyl alcohol. 18 Unit of the shredding rate of paper. It is a characteristic unit that measures the speed of water loss of the fibre suspension. The shredding rate indicates the length of fibres and their surface properties. In: Papíripari kézikönyv [Manual of paper industry] ed: dr. Vámos Görgy, Műszaki Könyvkiadó, Budapest, 1980, 999. 19 Longer hemp fibres, used beside the shorter pine cellulose fibres make the cast stronger and harder. 20 A heavy-duty shaker with knives used in paper industry to scatter the dry fibres. 21 Vetex is a textile product made of polyester. It is used to harden collars. The Vetex I used at casting came from Denmark. Its advantage, as compared to the Hungarian product, that it does not stretch in water. 22 Dry matter made about 50 g/l in the suspension. The fibres had to be mixed in a shaker at least once in every 8 hours to evade clotting, and ensure a smooth casting. 23 Blotting paper was a German product produced by Macherey-Nagel. Type: MN 618. Measurement: 580x580 mm. 24 The two mm thick separator placed between the two prepared walls ensured that even after applying the paper and leather covers the case could be opened without jamming. REFERENCES 1. BEÖTHYNÉ KOZOCSA ILDIKÓ-KASTALY BEATRIX-DR. VÁSÁRHELYI TAMÁS: Bevezetés a restaurálásba; a restaurálási dokumentáció. A papir, a pergemen és a bőr fertőtlenítése és száraz tisztítása. [Introduction to restoration; restoration documentation. Disinfection and dry cleaning of paper, parchment and leather.] Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, Budapest, 1992. 40. 2. JÁRÓ MÁRTA: Klimatizáció, világítás és raktározás a múzeumokben. [Climatisation, illumination and storage in museums.] Magyar Nemzeti Múzeum, Budapest, 1991, 160. 3. JASCHIK ÁLMOS: A könyvkötő mesterség. [The trade of bookbinding.] Műszaki Könyvtár XXXII, Népszava Könyvkereskedés, Budapest, 1922, 260 pp. 4. KASTALY BEATRIX: Ragasztóanyagok a könyvkötésben, könyv és papirrestaurálásban. [Glues in bookbinding, book and paper restoration.] Országos Széchényi Könyvtár, Budapest, 1991, 41 pp. 123
