Takács Imre: Az Árpád-házi királyok pecsétjei (Corpus sigillorum hungariae mediaevalis 1. Budapest, 2012)
Catalogue
coronation as junior king in 1214. Its impressions became common on Andrew II’s second royal seal, put into service in 1214, in the second half of the decade, and can be traced up to the 1230s. Its legend uses the short form of earlier bullae. The helmeted profile may be a carving on an ancient gem, or a medieval imitation of this. Its form is reminiscent of the early medieval and Carolingian profile-image seals. Use of carved stones as seals in Hungary was not new: examples were the royal signet rings from the second half of the twelfth century (Stephen III, Béla III, Emeric), the counterseal of Abbot Uros of Pannonhalma (1207-1242) and the intaglio of Csák comes of the Csák clan (Kumorovitz 1993, p. 66). The subsequent popularity of gem seals shows up in ecclesiastical and secular examples (signet ring of Canon Mátyás Bendenicei of Csázma, 1406; MOL DL 35.765; Kumorovitz 1993, fig. 30; signet ring of Tamás Drági, 1489; MOL DT 19.358; Kumorovitz 1993, fig. 64; Gesztelyi-Rácz, 2006, p. 72). Majuscule legend starting from below: SIGILLVM REGIS BELL Original: Budapest, Hungarian National Archives, DL 86, 110, 144, 779. Copies: Budapest History Museum, inv. no. 66.1890, 66.1885. Budapest, Hungarian National Archives, VI 22, VI 28, V8 154. Pray, Tab. II. 2; Csdnki 1889, fig. l/\; Szentpétery 1916, p. 5; Marsina I, p. 362, Tab. XXII/6b; Bodor 2001, p. 6; Gesztdyi - Rdcz 2006, p. 72. 30. Béla IV Seal as junior king 1214-1235 diam: 73 mm The composition corresponds to the figure of the first royal seal used by Andrew II from 1205 to 1213, used as the model for the front of the first double seal. These also provide the pattern for the items of costume on the king hgure. It is the only Hungarian royal seal to include the legitimacy formula voluntate sui patris in its legend. Legend separated from the image by beaded line. BELA D(E)I GRA(CIA) ET VOLVNTATE SVI PATRIS REX HV(N)G(A)R(I)E Original: Budapest, Hungarian National Archives, DL 79, DL 144, DL 149. Copy: Budapest, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Art History, inv. no. 153. Pray, Tab. 1V/12; Marczali 1896, pp. 692, 420; Fejérpataky 1892, p. 137; Álddssy 1902, p. 329; Bartoniek 1924, p. 26; Szentpétery 1930, pp. 112, 114; Gerevich 1938, p. 21 1, fig. CCXXXIII/6; Domanovszky 1939, p. 139; Marsina I, 362, Tab. XXII/10; Bodor 2001, p. 11, fig. 28. 172
