L. Forró szerk.: Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 12. 1998 (Budapest, 1998)

Forró, L.; Farkas, S.: Checklist, preliminary distribution maps, and bibliography of woodlice in Hungary (Isopoda: Oniscidea)

turned out to be wrong, since Mesoniscus graniger (T. graniger) inhabits the cave (e.g. Dudich, 1932). This latter was described as a new species (Titanethes graniger) by J. Frivaldszky (1865), and in another paper I. Frivaldszky (1865) also illustrated it. Chyzer & Tóth (1857a, b) and Chyzer (1858) reported Isopoda records primarily from Budapest. Margó (1879), studying the same region, added three more species to its fauna. Daday (1896) listed eight Isopoda species from the territory of Hungary of that time, which was, unfortunately, incomplete. The woodlice material of the collection of the National Museum was published by Dollfus (1901), listing 26 species, twelve of which came from the present territory of Hungary, while further four species were listed with the vague locality "Hongrie". The first detailed summary of the Hungarian Isopoda - containing descriptions of species and identification keys - was compiled in 1906, but it was only published 20 years later with minor updating (Csiki 1926). For this reason it was seriously criticised (Méhely 1933). Csiki (1926) provided a list of 110 species in the Appendix, 23 of them were known from the present day Hungary. Between the two World Wars two researchers specialised in Isopoda publishing nine papers: Kesselyák (1928,1930, 1935/36, 1936,1937) and Méhely (1927, 1929,1932, 1933). Further faunistical data on woodlice can be found in the publications by Dudich (1925, 1928, 1932, 1933), Kolosváry (1937) and Pongrácz (1936). During this period and also earlier Karl W. Verhoeff, the renowned isopod specialist published numerous papers on the fauna of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. We do not discuss these articles in the present paper, because in their comprehensive works both Csiki (1926) and Dudich (1942) thoroughly reviewed Verhoeff's studies on the Hungarian Isopoda species. A detailed list of these papers is given in Dudich's survey (1942), which is the last comprehensive faunistical study of the Hungarian Isopoda fauna. More than sixty percent of the papers listed in the References was published after World War II. One of the most prominent scientists of this period was Imre Loksa (1923-1992). He was an internationally recognized expert in the taxonomy of Diplopoda and Arachnoidea. His interest was much broader, however. His research focused on patterns of distribution and structure of soil arthropod communities. He surveyed the soil meso- and macrofauna in several parts of Hungary, and published primarily faunistical and cenological papers (see nos 41-54 in References). Articles only with data on Isopoda are given. This is the time, when ecology began to emerge in Hungary as a distinct field in natural sciences. In part due to the International Biological Program the focus of the research shifted from purely descriptive studies to more experimental work. The objective of these studies was to reveal not only the structural but the functional characteristics of communities.The first such data on food consumption and bioenergetics of Isopoda were published by Gere (1956, 1959, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965). In the past twenty years a new generation of isopodologists appeared. The scope of their work is more diversified than ever before. While studies on the Hungarian Isopoda fauna continued, the majority of the surveyed sites were national parks, biosphere reserves or otherwise protected areas, thus emphasizing issues in nature conservation (Allspach & Szlávecz 1990, Allspach 1996, Farkas 1995, Ilosvay 1983a, 1985, Lantos 1985, Sallai 1992a,b, 1993, Szlávecz 1988, 1991, Szlávecz & Loksa 1991). Population characteristics and population dynamics for several isopod species were reported by Farkas (1998b), Hornung (1984, 1988, 1989, 1991), Ilosvay (1983), Sallai (1993), Szlávecz (1988, 1995). Ilosvay (1982b) studied patterns of diurnal locomotory activity in isopods and diplopods. Aspects of isopod feeding ecology (food selection, coprophagy, productivity) and their role in the decomposition of