Dr. Éva Murai szerk.: Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica 4. 1987 (Budapest, 1987)
Raina, M. K., Sey, O.; Khan, M. D.: Paramphistomes (Trematoda: Amphistomida) of domestic ruminants in Kashmir, India
Orthocoelium dicranocoelium (Fischoeder, 1901) Yamaguti, 1971 (Figs 5 and 6) O. dicranocoelium was observed in three samples, two from buffalo and one from sheep. It has an acetabulum of the Streptocoelium type (Sensu NÄSMARK, 1937) with D.E.C.= 12-17; D.I. C.= 20-2 5; V.E.C.= 15-18; V.l. C.= 22-2 6 and M. E. C. = 8-12. On the whole the acetabulum of this species was observed to be clumsy and comparatively smaller, with interior series always more in number and with larger-sized units. The pharynx is of the Dicranocoelium type with a very well developed horse-shoe shaped lip shincter (Fig. 5). The middle circular units are not present and the basal circular units are only a few and in a single row. Oesophagus is long and thick-walled (Fig. 5) and forms a circular to oval bulb at its posterior end. Testes are tandem and the opening of Laurer's canal is located anterior to the excretory pore on the dorsal side. The genital terminalia as per NÁSMARK (19 37) were observed to be of the Gracile type (Fig. 6). The present finding is the first report of O. dicranocoelium from Kashmir. Orthocoelium dinniki Eduardo, 1985 (Figs 7-9) O. dinniki was encountered in three samples only, one each from cow, buffalo and goat. It has a Streptocoelium type of acetabulum (Figs 7 and 8) and the various muscle counts observed are: D. E.C.= 16-20; D. I. C. = 30-36; V.E.C. = 17-20; V.I.C.= 38-44 and M. E. C. = 6-9. The acetabulum of this species is comparatively larger and more massive than C. dicra nocoelium. In this species it was noted that the internal and external series of the circular muscles are equally massive in size but differ constantly in number. The pharynx is of the Calicophoron type (Sensu DINNIK, 19 64) with basal circular units in one row. The outer circular layer was seen to be very well developed, the inner one moderately so and the middle one is reduced. The pharynx bears papillae at its oral end. The oesophagus is thick-walled with a posterior sphincter. Testes are moderately large and tandem. The genital opening is of the papillogenitalis type (Sensu EDUARDO, 1980a) in a median sagittal section with distinct integumentary papillae on the external surface (Fig. 9). O. dinniki is a new report from Kashmir and the Indian region. Orthocoelium gigantopharynx (Schad, Kuntz, Anteson et Webster, 1964) Eduardo, 1985 (Figs 10 and 11) O. gigantopharynx was noted only in one sample i. e. from buffalo. This species has a pharynx of the gigantopharynx type (Sensu EDUARDO, 1982), with a comparatively very large pharynx (Fig. 10) bearing conical long papillae in the anterior region. Posterior oesophageal sphincter is present. The acetabulum is of the Streptocoelium type, the circular muscle units observed being D.E.C.= 30-35; D. I. C. = 36-50; V.E.C. = 15-25; V. I. C. = 30-50; and M. E. C. = 15-18. The two testes are median and tandem. The genital opening is of the microbothrium type with a well developed genital sphincter and genital papilla (Fig. 11). O. gigantopharynx is a new report for Kashmir. Orthocoe l ium indonesiense Eduardo, 1980 (Figs 12 and 13) O. indonesiense was observed in three samples, one each from cow, buffalo and goat. The distinguishing features of this species are the presence of a Calicophoron type of pharynx (Sensu DINNIK, 1964 and EDUARDO, 1985 = Paramphistomum type of NÀSMARK, 1937 and EDUARDO, 1980b), papillogenitalis type of genital terminalia (Fig. 13) and the acetabulum has a flat bottom at right angles to the walls and each of the circular muscle series is in a single group with number of units less than the Gastrothylax type. Such type has been designated as Carmyerius type by SEY (1983), therefore, EDUARDO's (1980b) description of a Gastrothylax type of acetabulum in O. indonesiense should in reality be treated as Carmyerius type because the number of muscle units approaches the Carmyerius type (Sensu SEY, 1983) rather than the Gastrothylax type. The muscle counts are: D.E.C.= 18-20; V.E.C.= 18-20; D. I. C. = 20-25; V. I. C. = 18-24 and M. E. C. = 8-10. The pharynx in the present specimens does not show any middle circular layer and the basal circular layer is single or double.
