Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 1. (2019)

Oana Toda: Tobacco Clay Pipes from Rupea Castle and their Historical Context

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О. ТО DA

ring; b. kaolin clay, fabric shows very fine sand, reduction firing, a polished surface and molding lines; c. gray fabric; d. cogwheel ornaments on the shank and ring as well as a smaller torus in front of the latter;

Rd : 0.9 cm; Rd :2.15 cm;

int ext

2012; retrieved from an irrelevant archaeological context, at the exterior of the castle, on the western slope, in the topsoil; the material probably rolled down the slope from inside the castle.

6. a. Tobacco clay pipe, missing half the chamber wall, with a ‘backbone line on the front of the bowl, a flat-bottomed and cylindrical chamber, flat shank and a torus-shaped ring at the sank end; b. kaolin clay, fine fabric shows fine sand, oxidized firing, faint traces of a molding line, smoothed surface; intense secondary burn traces inside the chamber and bowl as well as on the keel, shank, and on the lip of the bowl; c. grayish-white fabric and gray burn coloring; d. four stamped ornaments on the bowl representing concentric circles with dotted edge and cogwheel decoration on the shank end and bowl lip;

Ch: 2.7 cm; Bd: 2.3 cm; Cd: 2 cm; Rd : 0.8 cm;

int

Rd : 1.9 cm; DHd: 0.3 cm; Ml: 2.5 cm;

ext

2010; exterior of the lower castle, gate tower, SI, fill of the drawbridge pit.

7. a. Fragmentary tobacco clay pipe, with cylindrical bowl, rounded chamber bottom and a torus-shaped ring; missing half the bowl and part of the sank; b. kaolin clay, fine fabric shows fine sand, oxidized firing, visible molding line, smoothed surface; secondary burn inside the chamber; c. white fabric; brownish-gray burn coloring inside the chamber; d. a cogwheel decoration below the bowl rim with zigzag motif;

Ch: 2.5 cm; Bd: ~2.7 cm, Cd: 2 cm; DHd: 0.2 cm; Rd : 1.1 cm; Rd : 2.1 cm; Ml: 2.8 cm;

2012; middle castle, at the early entrance to the second precinct, C28, demolition layer.

8. a. Fragment of a tobacco clay pipe that only preserves the shank and the torus-shaped ring; a small fragment of a bulgy bowl is barely noticeable; b. kaolin clay, fabric shows fine sand, oxidized firing, visible molding lines; c. white with brownish traces of smoke coloring in the mortise;

Rd : 0.95 cm; Rd : 2.1 cm; Ml: 2.5 cm;

int ext

2010; exterior of the lower castle, gate tower, SI, fill of the drawbridge pit.

9. a. Fragment of a tobacco clay pipe that only preserves the shank and the turban-like ring; b. fine clay containing kaolin, fabric shows very fine sand, oxidized firing, a smoothed surface and faint molding lines; c. dark beige fabric; d. incised wreath on the ring;

DHd: 0.15 cm; Rd : 1 cm; Rd : 2.4 cm; Ml:

int J ext J

3.6 cm;

2012; upper castle; in the vicinity of house 3, from a demolition layer.

10. a. Fragmentary tobacco clay pipe with a short and cylindrical bowl, a flat-bottomed chamber; it is missing the shank almost entirely; b. kaolin clay, rather fine fabric that shows fine sand in abundance, oxidized firing, surface smoothed with an instrument, but overall lower quality mold; c. grayish-white with yellowish coloring inside the chamber;

Ch: 2.6 cm, Bd: 2.5 cm, Cd: 1.6 cm; DHd: 0.2 cm; 2011; extension of the middle castle, Ungra tower, Cl 2, leveling of the interior of the ground floor or of the basement.

11. a. Tobacco clay pipe with a short cylindrical chamber, a bulgy bowl at the keel, a slightly oblique chamber bottom, and a short shank; the piece is missing half the bowl and possibly the shank end; c. fine clay, fabric shows fine sand, reduction firing, and faint traces of molding lines; secondary burn due to usage is present; d. black in the middle and dark reddish-brown at the surface; entirely overcoated with green glaze; black burned traces at the interior of the chamber and mortise; e. incised decoration on the lower part of the bowl consisting of vertical flutes and cogwheel decoration on the bowl and shank, consisting of a succession of small squares; the bottom shows V-shaped flutes and cogwheel decoration on its long axis;

Ch: 2.3 cm; Bd : 2.6 cm; Cd: 1.5 cm; DHd: 0.65

max

cm; Rd. : 1 cm; Rd : 1.8 cm; Ml: 1.7 cm;

int ext

2012; middle castle, eastern part, in a deposition layer at the base of the cliff of the upper castle; demolition layer, probably originating from the upper precincts.

12. a. Tobacco clay pipe, missing the shank end, with a slightly conical bowl, a flat-bottomed