Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 1. (2019)
Oana Toda: Tobacco Clay Pipes from Rupea Castle and their Historical Context
120 О. То DA 0 ю 20 зо 40 50m © Fig. 1. Ground plan of the Rupea castle and the discovery places of the tobacco clay pipes (nos. correspond to the catalogue entries). thought it relevant to publish or list these artifacts among their retrieved discoveries as part of site monographs, reports, or exhibition catalogues.5 The aim of this paper is to introduce into the scholarly literature and contextualize a small group of tobacco clay pipes recovered during the archaeological excavations conducted between 2010 and 2012 in the castle of Rupea (Brasov County).6 The archaeological interventions were determined by the restoration work undertaken at that time on the entire fortified complex and large lots of material from the Modern Period were recovered, some also containing the present category of small finds. BUILT STRUCTURES FROM THE EARLY MODERN UNTIL THE CASTLE’S DEPOPULATION The last chapter in the active history of the fortification is relevant to this study, as it determined many changes in the ground plan of the architectural complex and set a context for the bulk of the retrieved archaeological material. The 14th century core of the royal fortification, came under Saxon administration in the 15th century, and, afterward, underwent several construction phases. By the Early Modern, large parts of the old structures were also repaired or rebuilt and the interior spatial organization, along with the precincts fortified components, 5 E.g.: Klusch 1997,65; Rusu 1998,60, cat. 152; Marta 2002,131-133; Marcu Istrate 2009,62, cat. 326-330; Dobrotä- Codrea 2015,145-149,162, cat. 49-58. The results of several archaeological investigations, possibly indicating the activity of local workshops in Alba Iulia and Cluj-Napoca, have not been published yet (Gruia 2012a, 262). 6 The excavation work was coordinated by Dr. Adrian A. Rusu, researcher at the Institute of Archaeology and Art History in Cluj-Napoca, to whom I would like to extend my gratitude for the permission to publish this material and some of the excavation results.
