Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 36/1. (2016)
Zoology
The collection of material in the field of Natura 2000 site Sighijoara-Tarnava Mare was conducted over a period of three years, in followed date ranges: 24.07-2011-31.07.2011, 3.08.2011-9.08.2011, 1.06.2012-30.06.2012, 1.07.2012-30.07.2012, 21.08.2012-31.08.2012, 8.04.2013-30.04.2013, 1.05. 2013-19.05.2013, 1.06.2013-4.06.2013, 4.07.2013-23.07.2013. Independent observations of the author also have occurred in the summers of 2008 and 2009. We followed in our study to cover as many places collecting and gathering to take place over a longer period of time. In 2011, the first year, the collection was realized only in the middle of the summer because of some objective causes which have kept the project start date. In 2011 we started collecting at the beginning of June, and in 2013 we started collecting in the first part of April. We tend to mention that the collecting took place until the end of the July, when most of the insects finished their stage of flying, and in 2011 and 2012 our project took place until August when we the species could be found under the bark. The collecting of the coleopterans has been done in the most important habitats containing woody vegetation: • Forest of Quercus robur pedunculate oak, sessile oak Quercus petraea and pubescent oak Quercus pubescens. • Fagus sylvatica beech forests. • Wood-pastures with Quercus robur and Quercuspedunculiflora . • Coniferous plantation: Pinus sylvestris scots pine, Pinus nigra black pine and Picea abies spruce. • Shrubbs in the edge of forests. • alluvial forest of willows and poplar which can be found near rivers. The most important sites in which coleopterans have been collected, which are characterised by a high biodiversity can be found in the localities belonging to the Mure§, Bra§ov and Sibiu counties, as follows: Ápold, Archita, Beia, Biertan, Bunesti, Copsa Mare, Cloasterf, Cris, Crit, Daia, Danes, Fiser, Mihai Viteazu, Noul Säsesc, Roades, Roandola, Rora, Saschiz, Saes, Sighisoara, Stejerenii, Teline, Valchid, Viscri. The collecting of saproxylic coleopterans has been done through the appropriate methods. The collecting places were chosen after an examination of the elderly trees frequency, including numerous drying phenomena, at the end of which a high presence of snags, fallen rotten tree trunks and hollows had been noticed. Generally speaking, the places where the quantity of rotten wood is high are excellent habitats for numerous rare species. Once the extraction site has been settled, the adults that could be found on branches, snags or tree trunks were collected, as a result of direct observation. It’s important to know that many groups are made up of coleopterans, such as cerambycidae, which are thermophile insects; because of this, the tree trunks or the branches need to be at least partially placed into sunlight. Also, the best results can be obtained if the branches that have holes are inspected with sawdust freshly taken out. The stored wooden stacks by foresters at the borders of the forests represent the ideal place for collecting multiple cerambycidae species, which can be found on wood. Large trees, oaks that are found in the meadows near the Saxon villages are often attacked by Cerambyx cerdo or other species. The emergence galleries of the adults of these species are large in size and they are easy to identify. A special method of extraction is finding larvae that live in the rotten wood of the old oaks’ roots. This is how the Lucanus cervus larvae have been found. New faunal data on saproxylic beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) from the Natura 2000 site “Sighisoara-Tärnava Mare" 119
