Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 34-35/3. (2015)
Răzvan Mihai Neagu: Studenţi militari din Turda la Vienaşi Budapesta 1786-1918
Marisia XXXIV-XXXV Studenti militari din Turda la Viena §i Budapesta 1786- 1918 Rázván Mihai NEAGU The military students from Turda in Vienna and Budapesta (1786-1918) Abstract: Between the years 1786-1918 a number of eleven students from Turda chose to study military. Out of these, seven were prepared in the military schools from Vienna, and four of them at Ludovika Military Academy in Budapest. Analyzing the social origin and the wealth of the military students from Turda, one can notice that they came from the prominent families of the city, with financial means. We ought to state that there was a real tradition from generation to generation in perpetuating the career of arms. Those who chosed the military career were forced to enroll in a military school at a younger age (10-19 years old). The first military student from Turda was Luzin sky Karl. He was enrolled in the Military Engineering School in Vienna in 1786. Májai Erwin studied at the Theresian Military Academy, and after graduation worked as a clerk at the Wiener Bank. The destiny of this person was marked by World War One. Erwin joined the Infantry Regiment No. 50 in Alba lulia, where he was company commander and deputy battalion commander. He died in the First World War (October 25, 1915). Keywords: military student, Vienna, Budapest, Turda, World War I Studentii militari din Turda la Viena » Pentru ora§ul Viena, perioada cuprinsä Tntre sfar§itul secolului al XVIII-lea §i sfär§itul Primului Räzboi Mondial a reprezentat un segment important §i semnificativ al istoriei sale multiseculare. ín secolul al XlX-lea, ora§ul de pe Dunäre avea cele mai promitätoare perspective de dezvoltare. Era un centru urban bine populat, cu о puternicä atractie nu doar pentru supu^ii Imperiului Austriac ci §i pentru locuitorii Tntregii Europe. In anul 1910 Viena avea о populatie de aproximativ 2 milioane de locuitori, fiind un mozaic etnic §i confesional. Din punct de vedere politic Viena era centrul statului austriac, re§edintä a Casei imperiale de Habsburg, capitala Imperiului Austriac, apói a Austro-Ungariei (Dubla Monarhie). Sub aspect cultural, Viena din a doua jumátate a secolului al XlX-lea §i ínceputul secolului al XX-lea, a fost un centru cosmopolit, factor dinamic al modernizárii intelectuale europene. Ora§ul de Dunäre era un loc preferat de literati, artisti §i oameni de §tiintá. ínvátámántul superior vienez s-а dezvoltat múlt ín perioada amintitá. Una dintre fatetele acestuia a fost §i ínvátámántul superior militar a cárui evolutie poate fi urmáritá íncá din secolul al XVIII-lea. Astfel, ín perioada domniei ímpáratului Carol al Vl-lea (1711-1740) a luat fiintá ín 1717 §coala (Academia) Cezaro-Cräiascä de Geniu (inginerie militará) din Viena1. La ínceput ea a functionat 1 Friedrich Gatti, Geschichte der К. und К. Technischen Militär-Akademie, I: Geschichte der K.K. Ingenieur- und K.K. Genie-Akademie 1717-1869, Wien, 1901, passim. 71
