Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32-34. (2014)
Botany
Description and threats to Natura 2000 habitat 7220* Petrifying springs with tufa formations country and is found in (more or less) small river valleys and associated gullies, or occasionally on cliffs [11]. In Denmark [26] habitat 7220* is mentioned but included within “Raised bogs and mires and fens” as a type of Calcareous fen, being described as part of 7230 Alkaline fens. In Norway [1] this habitat type is mostly distributed in alpine areas and mainly corresponds with the vegetation type Rich spring; subtype Palustriella spring (N2b). The EU27 interpretation manual describes the habitat as hard water springs with active formation of travertine or tufa, the habitat occurring in diverse environments such as forests or the open countryside. They are generally of small extent (point or linear formations) and dominated by bryophytes (Cratoneurion commtitati) [2, 25]. The manual goes on to characterise the composition and related classifications of the habitat as follows: Plants: Arabis soyeri, Cochleariapyrenaica (in sites with heavy metals), Pinguicula vulgaris, Saxifraga aizoides. Mosses: Catoscopium nigritum, Cratoneuron commutatum, C. commutatum var.falcatum, C. filicinum, Eucladium verticillatum, Gymnostomum recurvirostrum. In the Boreal region also: Carex appropinquata, Epilobium davuricum, Juncus triglumis, Drepanocladus vernicosus, Philonotis calcarea, Scorpidium revolvens, S. cossoni, Cratoneuron decipiens, Bryum pseudotriquetum. Corresponding categories:- United Kingdom classification: “M37 Cratoneuron commutatum-Festuca rubra spring community” and “M38 Cratoneuron commutatum-Carex nigra spring community”.- German classification: “220102 kalkreiche Sicker- und Sumpfquelle”, “220302 kalkreiche Sturzquelle”, “220402 kalkreiche, temporäre Sieker- und Stumpfquelle”, “220502 kalkreiche, temporäre Sturzquelle”.- Nordic classification: “3521 Philonotis-xyf and “3522 Cratoneuron-typ”. The manual states that habitat 7220* can form complexes with transition mires, fens, chasmophytic communities of cold and humid environments and heaths and calcareous grassland {Festuco-Brometalid). The habitat in Romania In Romania, the habitat has a limited occurrence. The Romanian law 49/2011 for Natura 2000 sites [3] includes the habitat 7220* Petrifying springs with tufa formation {Cratoneurion). Of the 613,677 ha covered by Natura 2000 sites in Romania, no more than circa 3-16 % represents the distribution of this habitat (detailed in Table 1). Table 1: The habitat 7220* Petrifying springs with tufa formation {Cratoneurion) in Natura 2000 sites in Romania Natura 2000 sites Site Code % Represents Biogeographic Irt._________________________________________________(ha)_____________tiveness ________region_____ 1. Apuseni____________________ROSCIOOQ2 75,943 0.03 C ~ Alp Cont 2. Bicazului-Ha?ma$ Gorges ROSCIOQ27 7,642 0.001 В Alp___ 3. Nerei-Beu?nita Gorges_______ROSCIOQ31_____37,719 0.001_________C____________Cont 4. §ugäului-Munticelu ROSCI0033 335 0.1 A Alp ______Gorges__________________ 5. Ciuca?______________________ROSC10Q38 21,864 0,001_________A Alp 6. Defileul Jiului_______________ROSCIOQ63_____10,946_____0.001______A__________Alp______ 7. Domogled - Valea Cernei ROSCIOQ69______62,171 0.01 В Alp Cont 8. Maramure$ului Mountains ROSCIQ124 106,909 1 В Alp___ 73
