Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32-34. (2014)
Botany
Contributions to the study of spontaneous vascular plants from „Cämpia Transilvaniei” (Mures county) Analysis of ecological categories in this area highlights the specific ecological ecosystems of the Transylvanian Plain, in the context of complex local pedoclimatic factors. To characterize the flora of this region, five edapho-climatic factors were considered: light (L), temperature (T), humidity (U), soil reaction (R) and the amount of soil mineral nitrogen (N). Regarding the light factor, one can observe the dominance of light species tolerant to part shade weak support (36.70%) and species that love light and only exceptional and temporary the shade (28.73%). Assessing flora according to species distribution based on their requirement to the moisture factor, we find that plants that prefer dry soils (U^=20.51%) and moderate humidity and moisture (U5= 19.80%) comprise the majority. Besides them, there are species wirh intermediate preferences between these two types (U4=23.46%), which indicates the presence of many ecotypes with a low moisture regime in the studied area, that favors the development of xerophytic and xeromezophylic grassland types. According to the temperature factor, the best represented species are the ones common in hillock and hilly areas (39.74%), and therefore, they put their mark on the general character of the flora in this regard, namely a xero-mesothermal flora specific to a transition region from the plains to the hills. Eurithermal species form also a significant proportion (39.32%). Compared to soil reaction, most species are widespread in neutral soils, from slightly acid to slightly alkaline (42.63%) which indicates the existence of a land without extreme conditions in the studied area, which is quite favorable to plant development. Also significant is the high percentage of euriionic species (42.06%). Nitrogen is one of the most important plant nutrients. In the studied area, a significant number of plants are spread mainly on soils poor in nitrogen (15.63%) or very poor in nitrogen (13.42%). There is also a high percentage of species which mostly prefer soils rich in nitrogen (10.62%), but the most numerous are the eurinitrophile species (19.03%). (Fig. 2) Fig. 2: Ecological indexes of flora in Transylvanian Plain 13
