Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 33/4. (2013)
Articles
68 Á. Ferencz-Mátéfi Fig. 2. Sites with different family funerary monument types. (orange: mixed cemeteries; blue: tumular cemeteries; yellow: graves with rings) added.29 Tumuli in some cemeteries are well organized in rows, some researchers see the ‘family character’ of the graves in it, or as the sign of social organization of a society. Rarely a stone layer covers the mound, only five examples of this kind of burial can be found in Dacia. We cannot ignore these cemeteries’ placements on the map (Fig. 2). A roughly North-South oriented line is showing the track of the mixed cemeteries, with a concentration of them at the gold exploitation area, namely at Alburnus Maior. The largest tumular cemeteries can be found along the Southern limit of Dacia Superior. Despite there are more rings, than tumuli, the tumuli are better spread. It is also clear, that graveyards tend to appear in the neighborhood of rings (Alburnus Maior, Ampelum, Cincis, Porolissum, Ulpia Traiana Sarmizegetusa). Two individual graves with rings are the exceptions at Ciocadia and at Micia. At Streisängeorgiu the 29 Marinoiu - Hortopan 2007. existence of a graveyard is uncertain. At Alburnus Maior and at Cincis two special graveyards were excavated. Here rings were found inside the graveyard.30 Very few tumuli were found in a mixed cemetery: at Alburnus Maior only three, at Ampelum 13 more. This means, that in mixed cemeteries, for the most part graveyards, rings and stone groundworks can be found, and that tumuli tend to appear in homogenous tumular cemeteries. Inscription, tombstone, or even a fundament is very rare to be found attached to tumuli, 2 times only. Another particularity is that in five busti from Casolt the deceased was laid in a crumpled position on the pyre. This phenomenon usually does not appear in Roman cemeteries, and in none of the family funerary monuments from Dacia, others, than the five mentioned above.31 30 Daicoviciu et al. 1974-1975, 229-231. 31 Cräciun et al. 2002a.
