Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32-33/2. (2013)
Ioan Eugen Man: Camera de comerţ şi industrie din Târgu-Mureş, monument reprezentativ el artei 1900
Marisia XXXII-XXXIII Camera de comert §i industrie din Targu-Mure§, monument reprezentatív al artei 1900 loan Eugen MAN The Chamber of Commerce and industry in Tärgu - Mure§, an important monument in „ Art Nouveau” style Summary One of the most interesting buildings completed at the beginning of the 20 th centuri is located on no. 1 Primäriei street in Tirgu-Mure§. It houses the Chamber of Commerce and Industry established in 1891 to support the development of the Syekler Seats, amongst which was Mure§-Turda. After several alterations, the Town Council of Targu-Mure§ donated the current location to the Chamber of Commerce and Industry who then obtained the necessary building authorization and on 3 November 1910 began the construction process. The building was designed by Thorockai Wigand Ede an arhitect from Budapest who worked in Targu-Mure§ for about seven years and left behind extremely valuable architertural works. The building was designed in the geometrical stage of the Secession style, as many of his other designs in this town. Keywords: the Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Thorockai Wigand Ede, the Secession style Cuvinte cheie: Camera de Comert §i Industrie, Thorockai Wigand Ede, stilul Secession ín strada Primäriei nr. 1, in plin centru civic al municipiului Tärgu-Mure§ se aflä clädirea Camerei de Comert §i Industrie, una dintre cele mai semnificative construct ii realizate in acst ora§, in perioada noului stil „Arta 1900”, respectiv secession, din etapa a doua. Spre sfär§itul secolului al XlX-lea, intr-o lume ce se considera ”nouä”, in domeniul artistic se cäuta schimbarea modalitätilor de exprimare, intre anii 1880-1910 in Europa occidental §i centralä, formele arhitectonice moderne opunändu-se eclectismului. Noul stil, sau „Arta 1900”,1 cum mai este definit, a dovedit de la inceput о mare putere de íntindere, el nefiind un fenomen de trecere, ci reprezintä „o mi§care autonomä, atotcuprinzätoare de о putere §i о amploare rar fntälnite m istorie”2 Dupä Paul Constantin,3 noul curent artistic poate fi impärtit in douä tendinte majore, una organicistä, cu linii sinuoase (perioada floralä), intre anii 1870-1900, §i una cu linie dreaptä (perioada geometricä), intre anii 1900-1914. Apärut §i in Transilvania, acest curent se caracterizeazä prin cäutarea izvoarelor traditionale sau folclorice, vádit influentat de secession-ul vienez, de cel din Ungaria sau Jugendstil-ul german. ín Transilvania, §coala noului stil de arhitecturä pätrunde ceva mai tärziu decät in Europa occidentalä, la rändul ei cunoscänd cele douä perioade stilistice. Prima perioadä, aceea curbilinie (floralä), dureazä pänä pe la anii 1907-1908, sensibil influentatä de arhitectul budapestan Lechner Ödön (1845-1914). A doua perioadä, 1 Titulatura „Arta 1900" in diferite täri este de о mare diversitate, dintre care, le Tntälnim sub definitia de „Art Nouveau” ín Franta, „Jugendstil' in Germania, „Sezessionn” sau „Secession" in Austria, sau „Secessio”in Ungaria. 2 Paul Constantin, Arta 1900 in Romania, Bucure§ti, Ed. Meridiane, 1972, p.9. 3lbidem, p.43-44. 201
