Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32/2. (2012)
Articles
168 Zs. Nyárádi solidified layer of ash on it (PL 9/2). The filling of the pit contained a consistent burned layer, in which we found 13th-14th century vessel fragments made on fast and slow potters wheels. Both features yielded about 65% pots made on fast potter’s wheels, and among the fragments of pots which had been made on slow potters wheels there was even one with a seal on the bottom. During the excavation of the trench we further found two more features. We noticed the round trace of feature 13 during excavation in the trench’s eastern part. The shallow pit yielded wattle-and-daub pieces and animal bones. The round trace of feature 17 was found in the northern part of trench 11. Its filling was loose and had some coal patches but it did not yield any artefacts. *** During the second half of the 16th century two settlements had fallen victim to the expansion of Odorheiu Secuiesc. While we have not yet clearly identified Gyárosfalva, with the archaeological surveys and diggings made between 2000-2009 we have managed to investigate Szentimre. From the artefacts collected from the layer of ploughed soil we managed to distinguish several cultures and ages, the earliest of which was the late Neolithic. The investigated area possesses outstanding qualities; it is very rich in fresh water sources and is defended by high hills. According to what we know so far, the perished settlement was founded sometime during the 12th-13th century. We may observe its traces in several areas of the valley. By the 16th century the settlement had stretched over the valleys central area. During the surveys we have managed to identify the village’s church at the bottom of Csalóka hill, regarding which we do not possess any written records as only local historians mention it based on oral traditions. We investigated the church’s remains, which had been considerably damaged by ploughing, with archaeological diggings, during which we uncovered its choir, closing in several angles but still with no pillars, which, according to the compiled archaeological data, was built during the first half of the 16th century. It had a clay floor with several layers, which had not been disturbed by the digging of graves. We only managed to observe a small part or the Árpád dynasty aged church, which supposedly had a quadratic closing choir that had been completely demolished during the building of the new one, when large scale landscaping was done. As a result of this the graves appear very close to the surface, about 10-20 cm underneath the ground level of the period. The cemetery section which was in very poor condition and had been disturbed considerably, dates back before the 16lh century constructions; according to the artefacts found here its beginnings date back to the 12th-13th centuries. In 2009 we began to investigate the settlement itself and we uncovered several features, among them two semi-subterranean dwellings, which had been build one above the other, but several hundred years apart. The earlier one dates back to the late Árpád dynasty period; its filling has yielded fragments of pots made on both slow and fast turning potter’s wheels. Judging by the outstandingly rich amount of artefacts yielded, the later dwelling dates back to the 16th century. During the excavation we have uncovered an interesting archaeological phenomenon; the 60-70 cm wide ditch in which round river stones had been placed. According to the stratigraphy this cannot be a building foundation as it is not connected to any ground levels;
