Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32/2. (2012)
Articles
The Analysis of the Ceramic Material from Glodeni. Preliminary Considerations 119 leading component of temper, it also comes from sand, but it constitutes the most visible part of the temper. In 170 cases only mica is visible, in 9 cases it is associated with FeO, in 11 cases with calcite, in 48 cases it appears next to sand with higher granulation. Other tempers, like calcite and FeO appear alone in minimal cases. 17 shreds were defined by having been tempered with rough sand, this denomination meaning a dense matrix, with numerous inclusions. Other combinations like sand with calcite or mica and sand with FeO, each are represented by just one shard. According to the general characteristics of the temper, one can observe no special components, which would not fit with other provincial ceramic materials. The clay and the temper, has been probably collected from near the site, and it is possible that the vessels were produced locally. Usually vessels are divided into two main groups, fine wares and cooking wares or coarse wares. In the analyzed ceramic material many fragments could not be defined as fine ware but nor as coarse ware. In this case a third category was created, named mid-wares. Fine wares are the leading category, being represented by 220 fragments, 60 fragments are mid-wares and 36 are coarse wares (Fig. 3). The treatment of the surface means the different types of slip, represented by three variants: red slip, black slip and the application of both of them. As usage signs we consider the secondary burning signs, perforation or repairing, fragments presenting crust or vitrified shards. In Appendix 1 one can see the distribution of fragments according to the characteristics mentioned above. There are 148 fragments, which were not affected by any treatment of the surface. One fragment presents crust on the inner side of the vessel, another one on the outer side. 4 vessels were perforated and/or repaired, three of them having red slip. 9 vessels present secondary burning signs, of which 5 are wearing red slip. Two fragments without any surface treatment were vitrified, which can allude to a fire in the settlement or pottery production. Pottery is vitrified only after the fire reached 1200 C°, this may prove the existence of a pottery kiln. Fragments that present no usage sign, but the surface has been treated are represented by 138 red slipped, 9 black slipped vessels and two fragments wearing both types of slip. Rim diameters vary from 90 mm to 310 mm, depending on the functional category of the vessel. In the case of the body fragments the general thickness starts from 10 mm up to 28 mm. These values, in the case of a rim can be seen only on storage vessels, large pots. In the ceramic material from Glodeni vessels from each functional category can be found, and it can be concluded, due to the small number of fragments a representative material (Fig. 4). Most of the fragments (205) could not be identified, especially pots (28), bowls (43) and jugs (18), lids (2), mortarium (1) appear, but other categories, like storage vessels are also represented. 8 storage vessel fragments are present in the material, out of which 4 are doliae. Drinking vessels, like cups are represented only by two fragments. There is one vessel for illuminating, a body fragment of a lamp. Cultic vessels can also be found. Two turibulum fragments were identified, a rim with typical decoration and a base fragment. One piece is probably a vessel support made of clay, which usually was used during the firing of more complex or slipped vessels. This fragment can also prove the existence of pottery production in the area of the site of Glodeni. Building material was found also, the inner fragment of an imbrex and a tegula fragment. ■ fine ■ mid ■ coarse Fig. 3. Ware types.
