Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 32/1. (2012)
Botany
The medicinal flora of Mures County reflected in Mures County Museum, Natural Science Department collections Plant nomenclature was revised in accordance with Flora Europaea [17,18] and Ciocärlan V. [2]. The specified data are mentioned for each species: date and place of collection, the name of whom collected it and of whom determined the plant. In brackets are also mentioned the inventory numbers of the herbarium sheets included in inventory registries Superior Plants (I, II and III) of the Department of Natural Sciences. Results and discussions Botanical collection of the museum comprises about 20,000 pieces from field research, donations and purchases. Inventory of medicinal flora of Mures County present in the collections of the Division of Natural Sciences has led to the identification of 302 taxa containing certain therapeutic chemical compounds, grouped in 69 families. The best represented families are: Lamiaceae (31 species), Asteraceae (27 species), Rosaceae (23 species), Apiaceae and Scrophulariaceae (18 species each) and Fabaceae (17 species). Medicinal plants were grouped according to the dominant active ingredients for which they are used in traditional medicine or in phytotherapy (Table 1). Thus, we see that the numerous plants contain: alkaloids (16.89%), essential oils (13.25%), tannins (11.59%), flavonoids (11.26%), saponins (7.62%), mucilage (6.95%), and coumarin (4.97%). Todays special interest worldwide for herbal medicine, in which phytotherapy occupies a privileged place, can sometimes have negative repercussions for the conservation of plant species of wild flora, species that are included in national or European red lists. In the museum’s collections are found a number of medicine taxa, in various degrees of endangerment, such as: Aconitum moldavicum, Adonis vernalis, Alcea pallida, Angelica archangelica, Dictamnus albus, Galanthus nivalis, Leucojum vernum, Lycopodium clavatum, Orchis morio, Prunus tenella etc. 21
