Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30-31/3. (2011)
Constantin Juan-Petroi: Dezvoltarea urbană a unor aşezări din Banatul Montan la începutul perioadei interbelice (I)
Marisia XXX-XXXI Dezvoltarea urbaná a unor a§ezari din Banatul Montan la Tnceputul perioadei interbelice ( I ) Constantin JUAN-PETROI The Urban Development of Certain Settlements in the Mountainous Banat at the Beginning of the Period between the Two World Wars' Abstract The formation of the Great Romania, due to the act of December 1st 1918, but also to the political and armed struggle, raised a series of immediate problems, all different in the newly integrated historical provinces; in the Mountainous Banat, these problems were various from town to town, from industrial centres to ports or climatic resorts. The problems to be solved were mainly of demographic nature; many communities and activities were abandoned by the ethnics of Central European origin and they had to be replaced by the local people or by staff coming from other historical country provinces. Many problems were also of economic nature, because a lot of industrial facilities, especially those belonging to the harbours in Or§ova, Drencova, Moldova Nouä, Bazia§, were destroyed and they needed to be put to work again or to be maintained (such as those of Re§ita) reinforcing the national industrial branches. Time passing along, new industrial branches were created. Each situation reflected itself in the economic, administrative, communitarian and daily life of the settlements, the political factor accelerating or deterring the aspects treated accordingly as local or zonal ones. О datä cu anul 1919 istoria Románéi, dar mai cu seamä a provinciilor nou alipite acesteia se schimbä radical, schimbare care, pentru multe spatii din Romania ReTntregitä a fost esentialä pentru viata localä §i zonalä, dar nu totdeauna cea aspiratä. Aceasta se datoreazä faptului cä Tntre näzuintele antebelice §i realitätile de dupä Marea Unire nu s-а realizat a§teptata concordantä, motivele fiind multiple, acestea fiind Tnsä, Tn general prea putin, insuficient cäutate, studiate, prezentate, dominantä fiind - §i pe bunä dreptate, am arätat-o la rändul nostru §i noi Tn destul de multe ränduri - Tmplinirea unei näzuinte mai vechi, etnicä, nationalä, de a träi aläturi cei sunt de un sänge. Totu§i aveau sä aparä curänd elemente de neconcordantä dintre specificul träitorilor din acest spatiu, Tn care peste autohtoni s-а grefat treptat, Tn timp, un multiculturalism de sorginte central-europeanä, social §i cultural, generat de implementarea Tn acest spatiu a altor etnici, cu träsäturi pozitive ori negative pentru bä§tina§ii romäni din spatiul bänätean, mai cu seamä Tn ultimul veac §i jumätate de apartenentä la imperiul austriac devenit, mai apói, bicefal §i particularitätile din „tara marná”, cu elemente diferite, balcanice, care vor puncta diferentieri §i atitudini, care, Tn fata greutätilor, vor deveni tot mai evidente. Apói, pe de altä parte, pregätirea unirii s-а efectuat prioritar pe plan spiritual-cultural, lipsindu-i о bazä negociatä anterior referitoare la dezvoltarea post-unionistä, mai cu seamä pe plan economic unde, vom vedea, arealul bänätean venea cu о zestre remarcabilä. * Traducerea rezumatelor Tn limba englezä a fost fäcutä de profesorii Nuti Rusu §i Radu Rusu de la Liceul „Traian Lalescu” din Or§ova, cärora pentru solicitudinea doveditä le multumim §i pe aceastä cale. 181
