Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 31/1. (2011)
Articles
228 R. ZÄGREANU-Zs. NyÁRÁDI were conducted.15 These excavations have been mainly limited to documenting the traces of walls (Pi. 8/1); archaeological materials have not been really surfaced. Despite the damages, the stone entry was preserved on the west side of the building. During the excavation several rooms of the Roman baths were identified. After the entry, there was a smaller room where the capsarius stood. Beyond the entrance was the apodyterium, where people used to undress. From here one could enter a rectangular room with a length of 11.9 m, 6.1 m wide, which was the frigidarium. The basin walls were covered with brick tiles with crossed wave ornaments, found during excavation. The next room was the tepidarium. In its northern part a heating system was installed which was totally destroyed during land levelling. From this place one could enter the caldarium, which was 8.7 X 4.7 m. In the northern part of the place was the cold watered, semicircle labrarium of 3.7 m width and 1.9 m in diameter. This room was heated from the north-west. Here they found traces of a vaulted praefurnium with a length of 4.7 m and width of 1.25 m. In this area a large quantity of coal and ash was found. This facility was warming up also the laconicum, which was largely destroyed. Once there was a steam room, before the unctorium, from where one could return in the apodyterium. In the north-east of the complex a small room paved with river stones was found which probably was the curator’s home. The heating system was largely destroyed. Over the pressed clay layer, a brick floor was placed. Over this was erected a rectangular shaped 0.68 m long and 0.2 m wide brick column. The space between the bricks was filled with cement mixed with animal fur. These columns were covered with bricks of 45 cm width. The suspensura thus created was filled with cement and then maltha was placed over this, creating a resistant surface. The heater was located in the walls but nothing survived, only different tubes were found during land levelling. These had a length of 29 cm, 10.5 cm in diameter on top and 6 cm at the bottom. Rooms were painted with white lime, traces of frescoes have not been found. Near the entrance stone pillars were placed, were parts of the interior decoration, fragments of stucco were found. Outside, on the south-eastern part a draining-system covered with bricks was identified. I. Paulo vies (1944) resumes all the information known about thermae excavations in the area, and he also talks about bricks stamped with the remark that it mentions a stamped brick of Legion XIII Gemina.16 Between the years 2000 and 2005 in this area the archaeological layers have been repeatedly disturbed. During repairs at the sewer system of the Kornis Ferenc Str. traces of mortar walls and fragments of clay pipes were found. Four pieces have been recovered, another three pieces from the Haáz Rezső museum’s collection are without any information, but their early inventory number suggests that they come from the same area. These seven pieces seem to belong to an elaborate Roman sewer system, but unfortunately only one is kept in perfect condition (PI. 16/16), while two of them seem to be from the same pipe line (Pi. 16/18-19). Even though they seem to be different, it is very plausible that they are from the same pipe (Bäesteanu 2007, 60). Three types of pipes could be identified (see Appendix): 1.) pipes with sockets at both ends (Pi. 16/16, 20?); 2.) pipes with just one socket (PL 16/15, 17-19); 3.) pipes used in construction or reused (PI. 16/15). In the collection of the Haáz Rezső Museum three roman lamps were found that might also come from the same area. All three of them are Firmalampen, only one has a stamp with 15 Because the earlier presentation of this site was made only in Hungarian we considered useful to present them in details. 16 It remembers about the stamps from CIL III, 8074, pointing out that in the MNS register it is noted that the brick stamped CIVB from the Imeni collection was bought from a Székelyudvarhely.
