Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 31/1. (2011)
Articles
New Data about the Roman Settlement from Odorheiu Secuiesc 223 about the layers. For a small part of the material even the place of origin remained unknown. Since these artefacts were divided considering the discovery places, they have little meaning, but correlated among them, and considering other findings, they might indicate the territorial borders in a certain period. Another drawback of this data is the lack of field-control, but without archaeological excavations, these remain the only sources for the city’s historical topography. Cohors I Ubiorum The information on cohors I Ubiorum in Dacia are poor. This troop is mentioned in a series of military diplomas from Moesia Inferior (Petolescu 2002, 124 with all the bibliography). Another mention is from Capidava about a praefect of the troop, C. Iunius Tertius (CIL X, 6015), there is a funerary inscription of a signifier (A.É 1950, 46) of the troop, and a stamp with the inscription Coh(ors) I Vbior(um) (Opris 1997, 227-228). The troop takes part in the Dacian wars, and in 120-130 AD it was among the units stationed in Dacia Inferior (Eck Et Al. 2001, 27-28) transferred later in Dacia Superior, according to the diplomas from Micia (136/138), Nova Zagora (144), Tibiscum (157), and Drobeta (179) (Petolescu 2002, 125, footnotes 1-4 with all the bibliography). A praefect of the cohort, L. Pompeius Celer, raises an altar to Hercules Invictus at Bade Herculane (CIL III 1571; IDR III/l, 63), and one possible soldier from the troop, Antoninus [?Pri]m[i]genianus, is buried at Apulum (CIL III 1187; IDR III/5, 494). There are only a few mentions regarding the stamps of the troop, the drawings of seven pieces were done by G. Téglás (1888, 243; Téglás 1895, 40) (Pf. 18/7), also analyzed by D. Protase (1962, 507),7 (PI. 18/2, 8, 9) and four other appear in IDR (III/4, 262) (PI. 18/4, 6, 7, 12). The stamped bricks (Gooss 1875, 174; CIL III, 8074, 25; Téglás 1895, 40; Téglás 1902, 151; IDR III/4, 262; Protase 1962, 507) are fragmentary, the text in the cartouche is 7 X 3.5 cm, and the letters are 1.5-2 cm tall. From Tärnäveni, G. Téglás (1888, 243; CIL III, 8074) mentions two stamps from the Bethlen College collection from Aiud, with the text СIV (PI. 18/3-5); there is no mention whether the cartouche is complete, but they are similar to those from Odorhei. They are not similar to the stamp of the brick-maker C(aius) I(ulis) V(alerius) from Sarmisegetuza (IDR III/2, 560), but it may also be cohors I Vindelicorum (Gudea 1997b, 34), therefore they cannot be included in the list of stamped bricks of C(ohors) I Ub(iorum). Furthermore, the troop is mentioned on two stamps found at Ozd (IDR III/4, 132). The second stamp has a complete cartouche: C(ohors) I Ub(iorum) (Vlassa 1965, 25; Protase 1962, 507, footnote 21). Therefore, the stamps from Odorheiu Secuiesc and Ozd date from post AD 136/8 or little prior, when the troop is attached the numeral. Hence, it is not certain that the troop was camped in the fort at Odorheiu Secuiesc from Moesia Inferior or Dacia Inferior already; there is also possible that the border between Dacia Inferior and Dacia Superior changed at some point (Marcu 2009, 146). A fragment of a brick-stamp was discovered in 2008 in a provisions’ pit in the site of Kadicsfalvi rét/Alsó-Lok, in the immediate vicinity of the city Odorhei (PI. 17/7-8). On the 3 x 3.5 cm cartouche only the first two letters - CI - are preserved. Because all the stamped bricks are lost, it is impossible to determine surely their types. The recently discovered fragment retains only two letters, therefore including it into the type II is approximate.8 7 D. Protase mentions that these stamps were brought from Odorheiu Secuiesc at Sighi^oara after the Second World War and they were part of the collection of the local Saxon High school. 8 Based on the known drawings (Gudea 1997b, 60-61) it seems that there were at least three types: I. CO [hi VBIOR(urn) ] (PI. 18/7), like the one found at Capidava; see www.capidava.ro/ unitati_militare. unit_mil_06.; II. C(ohors)! Ub( iorum) (PI. 18/ 2, 4, 8-12 and probably the one from Ozd); III. C(ohors) I Ub(iorum) mirror inscription (PI. 18/6).
