Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 31/1. (2011)
Articles
12 Z. Czajlik-S. Berecki-L. Rupnik-S. J. Sztáncsuj The narrow parcels in Transylvania usually do not allow a full visibility of complex and extensive sites at a given time; therefore the aerial topography has to be made repeatedly, under different conditions (agricultural activity, weather, etc.) in order to reveal more details. In the last case mentioned above, by repeating the flights in 2010, some new buildings could be observed along a diagonal road leading to northeast, just because the type of the cultivation changed after the previous session from 2009. There was a similar situation in the case of the Roman camp and vicus at Räzboieni-Cetate, which’s plan is based on aerial photographs (Oltean-Hanson 2001, 129-130, fig. 5; Oltean 2007, 158-159, fig. 5/30). Due to the favourable conditions in the time of the photography some new parts of the vicus became known. Both of the presented examples underline the importance of the systematic and repeated aerial archaeological surveys. *** The principal task of the presented new program was to research the Transylvanian regions not investigated by aerial archaeology before, also trying to assess the possibility of a modern topographical survey. The complex geographical situation (mountains, mounts, river valleys) offer different opportunities which need various research methods. In the river valleys, the usual type of cultivation favours relatively large fields of cereals, which is very good for the observation of crop marks. On the hills, the parcels are narrow and often cultivated with other types of crops than cereals, facilitating the observations of soil marks. In the higher pastures of the mountains there is an opportunity to research the relief differences. According to those experiences, the present multi-institutional project is scheduled for many years. Its first results also reflect the regional possibilities: in the valleys of the Mures and Tárnave rivers, where the crops are mainly cereals, the traces of Roman settlement could be researched; while by researching the soil marks and the pastures in the Transylvanian Plain, the Olt River’s valley and the surroundings of Bezid the main results are the identification of tumuli and fortifications.5 REFERENCES Balázs 2010 Balázs, Á. Cs., The Cotofeni Site from Sincai-Cetatea Pägänilor (Mures County). The 1996-1997 Campaigns, Marisia, 30, 7-24. Berecki 2009 Berecki, S., The Environment and Landscape of the Celtic Settlements and Cemeteries from Transylvania, IN: Sirbu, V.-Ciobanu, D. (eds.), Mousaios, XIV, The Necropolises and the Environment (Ist mill. BC). Proceedings of the IIth International Colloquium of Funerary Archaeology, Buzäu - Romania, 22"d-24‘h October 2009, Buzäu, 9-24. Berecki-Balázs 2011 Berecki, S.-Balázs, Á. Cs., Discoveries belonging to the Schneckenberg Culture from Sincai, Transylvania, IN: Berecki S.-Németh E. R.-Rezi B. (eds.), Bronze Age Rites and Rituals in the Carpathian Basin. Proceedings of the International Colloquium from Tárgu Mures 8-10 October 2010, BMM, IV, 59-76. Cavruc 2000 Cavruc, V. (red.), Repertoriul arheologic al judetului Harghita, Sfäntu Gheorghe. 5 Acknowledgements: Bolyai János Kutatói Ösztöndíj (research grant), Bursa Hungarica Ösztöndíj (research grant).
