Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 29-30/2. (2010)
Botany
Valentin PANAIT Material and method The necessary stages for the achievement of the work are: 1. documents concerning about the Caraorman sand bank, shown in the data offer by specialists from: I.C.P.A. Bucure§ti, D.D.N.I. and O.J.S.P.A. Tulcea as well as in the scientific literature; 2. studying the cartographical materials as well as the free Landsat 1990/2000 coverage maps (https://zulu.ssc.nasa.gov/mrsid/ ), limite_SCI, SCI ( http://www . mmediu.ro/departament_ape/biodiversitate/), the vectorial map “Datele Corine Land Cover 2000 reproiectate in Stereo70” (http://earth.unibuc.ro/download/ datele-corine-landcover-reproiectate-in-stereo70) and “Limite unitäti relief” (http://earth.unibuc.ro/download/romania-seturi-vectoriale ); 3. performing land observation, profiles opening and samples drawing at the soil horizon level; 4. centralization and processing of the data using CIS tools, as follows: Quantum GIS - 1.5.0 and PostgreSQL as data base management software; 5. evolution analysis and comparison between obtained data with those found in the scientific literature, as well as in other previous published papers. Results and discussions Caraorman sand bank is characterized by a relief with dunes, higher than the rest of the delta (12.4 m), on which the forest with the same name occurs. This forest represents a particular type of vegetation, the Danube Delta endemic habitat of periploca — poplar — oak — ash forests on Calcareous mobile sand (Nk.l), Calcareous Psamosol (Pk.l), Calcareous Molic Psamosol (Pp.l), Calcareous Marshy-Histic Psamosol (Ph.8), were the codes entered in parentheses are the map cod of the soils (Tab.l). Within this paper, the codes of Territorial Unit of Soil (soil components — after FAO criteria [10]) also have been used and these are following: NSka/N (Calcareous mobile sand), PSka/N (Calcareous Psamosol), PSmo/N (Calcareous Molic Psamosol), PStb/O (Calcareous Marshy-Histic Psamosol) (Tab. 1). The characterization of the soils units in relation to moisture can be done as: dry aestival - dry-low damp (Calcareous mobile sand), dry aestival — dry-low damp (Calcareous Psamosol), dry-low damp aestival - low damp (Calcareous Molic Psamosol), prevail damp-moist - moist-wet (Calcareous Marshy-Histic Psamosol). [1], [2], [3], [4], [7] Within this area, on the soils types described above, it develops a vegetation of the Danubian-deltaic psamofile steppe in complex with forests of oak, ash, poplar. Those are characterized by the following associations: Scabioso argenteae — Caricetum colchicae (Scabioso ucrainicae — Caricetum ligericae), Aperetum maritime, Fraxinetum pallise, Carici acutiformi. [1], [2], [4] All the information obtained from bibliographic studies, GIS data and land observation were used in order to obtain the vector layers with soils and vegetation data these were placed on the satellite map Landsat 1990/2000 coverage maps. [6] An important part of the database type table that containing information about the soil component is also presented in the first table (Tab. 1). The last column of the table contains codes of the soil components those are used as a key for the table of data relating to plant’s associations. The table head contain the name of column in attribute table attached to the shapefile (*.shp) and the notation as “C,80” represent: C from character and 80 the total number of characters with blank space at all these were established for record. [9] 44
