Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30/1. (2010)
Articles
52 В. Rezi her chronology.31 In this period we can also experience the diminution of the length and weight of the axes, and a conic manufacturing of the socket.32 Analogies for the axes nr. 1 and nr. 2 can be mentioned from the hoards from Sälard,33 Suatu34 and Bolde?ti,35 dated to HaBl, and from the hoards from Cämin,36 Hida, Sängeorgiu de Pädure I37 and Tärgu Mure?,38 dated to the HaB2 hoard series. In Hungary similar typological characteristics appear also in the hoard from CeWdömöYk-Sághegy II, dated to HaB2.39 Adjacent forms were recovered also from Ukraine, at Dedovo, Olesnik and Tekovo,40 but with the corner of the cutting edge pulled inwards. Almost the same typological characteristics we can find in the hoard from Priigy,41 but which is dated to the Bükkszentlászló (НаВЗ) hoard series, lining up slightly evolved forms.42 The axe nr. 7 (PI. 3/7) based on its decoration and general form can be placed also in the HaB2 period, being the same type as the above mentioned two socketed axes. The analysis of this artefact will not be made, because we don’t have the certainty of the provenience of the drawing made by Z. Székely. Furthermore from our knowledge no bronze artefact remained at M. Bakó. The socketed axes with reduced dimensions (PI. 2/3-4) with the blade extended in a form of an arch almost to the area of the rim can be placed in a typologically evolved form of the Transylvanian type socketed axe. They are called also ‘the new form of the Transylvanian type socketed axe’,43 or the ‘Eastern type’ of the already mentioned axe.44 These artefacts are a typical product of the eastern side of the Carpathians and the North Pontic region in the Bz.D period, after which they spread towards west, being used in HaAl features and hoards.45 A detailed typology was elaborated by M. Rusu, who places this kind of socketed axe in his main C type. The more evolved forms, type C9 in present case, have a long typological cycle which corresponds mainly with the early Hallstatt period (HaAl-B2).46 They are named ‘Pontic type socketed axes’ by T. Kemenczei, being recovered in a large number in Transylvania and in the northern regions of the Black Sea. He separates two different types: those with horizontal ribs and thin rim, and those with thickened rim. They are typical for the HaB2 period.47 In Hungary they appear at the horizon of the Kurd hoard series, appearing in a large number also in the hoards 31 Metzner-Nebelsick 2005, 324-326, fig. 3. 32 König 2004, 130. 33 Ordentlich 1964, fig. 1/2; Petrescu-Dimbovita 1977, pi. 316/2. 34 Rusu et al. 1977, R67a, 6; Petrescu-Dimbovita 1977, pi. 322/10. 35 Petrescu-Dimbovita 1977, pi. 340, 3-5. 36 Bader 1978, pl. LXXXII/8. 37 Petrescu-Dimbovita 1977, pi. 348/13 (Hida); 351/13-14, 17 (Sängeorgiu de Pädure I). 38 Kemenczei 1996b, fig. 6/3; Petrescu-Dimbovita 1977, pi. 355/3. 39 Mozsolics 2000, Taf. 8/5-6. 40 Kobal 2000, Taf. 79D (Dedovo); 88/17-20 (Olesnik); 79C (Tekovo). 41 Kemenczei 1981, Abb. 6/7-8. 42 Mozsolics 2000, Taf. 76/6-7, 9, 12, 16; 77/5. 43 Roska 1937, 143-144. He believes that the Transylvanian type socketed axe is originating from Transylvania, more precisely from the south-eastern corner. The ornamentation in the form of an arch reminds him of the winged bronze axes. 44 Nestor 1933, 131; Petrescu-Dimbovita 1953, 467-468. 45 Kobal 2000, 41. 46 Rusu 1966,26-27, fig. 4. Beside different new decoration techniques, which are specific to the already mentioned period, no important changes will be carried out which could change the basic typological characteristic of the type. 47 Kemenczei 1981, 34.
