Marisia - Maros Megyei Múzeum Évkönyve 30/1. (2010)
Articles
The Early Medieval Pottery from Sängeorgiu de Мищ-Roman Catholic Cemetery 161 level of section S5. The fragment was too small to give further information about the diameter of the bowl. As suggested by the form, it had a conical shape and, similarly to the funnel, it grows larger towards the rim. The dating of the ceramic material was established separately for G1 (section Cl) and the rest of the pottery, due to the fact that this latter lot was collected from the superficial stratum, disturbed by the ploughing, though concentrated on a certain limited area (PI. 1/3). Lacking any artefacts capable to indicate an absolute dating we were constrained to rely on the rim profiles and the ornamentation of the existing fragments of pottery. The analogies found regarded in the first place the close by situation of discoveries while the more distant analogies were used in specific cases with more precise dating. Most of the fragments from G1 consist of jar-vessel parts. We have simple rims, outwards profiled and obliquely cut or rounded. The decorative motifs used were bands of straight lines, wavy lines, and impressions, oblique short and prolonged incisions. The best analogies are precisely in the same locality, in the place called Sub Ghera,9 10 11 1 km south of the Roman Catholic cemetery. Also, similar shapes with oblique impressions we have in the materials found in Voivodeni-La §coalä.'° In Hungary, following the analysis of the Arpadian pottery11 more attempts were made to date the various types of ornaments. Earlier it was believed that straight wide incised line - the most frequent decoration on the 13th century pottery12 - appeared at the end of the 11th century. Afterwards, it has been proved that it was used - though lesser - in the 10th— 11th centuries.13 The impressions and the oblique incisions were used from the 10th century to the end of the 13th century. Thus, we came to the conclusion that the wavy line bands which are common in the 10th-11th centuries can persist in later times in this case, too. In the case of the sporadic fragments of pottery from the vegetation stratum, we find the fragments of pottery from the jar-vessels with outwards profiled, straight cut or rounded rims. The decorative elements for these vessels are oblique incisions and impressions, combined with wavy lines or strips14 with analogies at Sängeorgiu de Mure§-Sufr Ghera. From the two types of cauldrons,15 16 the square shaped one with outward profiled rim is similar to the findings from Gorne^ti-Spre hotaru and also the ones from More§ti-Citfaläu.17 It fits in the В IV2 type proposed by A. Ionitä, based on the cauldrons found at Bratei.18 The second type, characterized by rounded and both outward and inward profiled rim has analogies 9 The archaeological material comes from preventive excavations from 2007 and 2009, lead by Sándor Berecki and the author of this article, deposited at the Mures County Museum, currently under study. 10 In spite of the fact that two reports on the excavations were published, the author does not make any reference to the early medieval material (Peticä 1978, 79-81; Peticä 1979, 127-133). 11 A chronology for the Arpadian epoch was proposed by M. Takács (1993, 448-449). Thus, the 10th century till the end of the 11th century corresponds to the early Arpadian epoch. The period from the end of the 11th till the beginning of the 13th century is the middle Arpadian epoch and the beginning of the 13lh century till the beginning of the 14th century is the late Arpadian epoch. 12 Parádi 1959, 44. 13 Takács 1993, 449; Istvánovics 2003, 260. 14 Because of the fragmentary preservation we are unable to distinguish whether it is a single wavy line or a stripe of wavy lines. 15 For the types, the chronology and the spread of the cauldrons see: Takács 1986. 16 Very selectively published material by Peticä-Zrinyi 2000, 331-374. 17 Horedt 1984, 25-26, Abb. 12/2; 13/2. 18 Ionitä 2009, 32-33, Pl. 273/B IV2.
