Magyar Hírek, 1986 (39. évfolyam, 1-26. szám)

1986-07-17 / 14. szám

toe taaiKBfap Sasé

CIENTISTS AND INVENTORS

JÓZSEF

PETZVAL

(1806-1901)

Engineer and mathematician. Following lengthy theoretical studies, he produced the first fast lens with a relative aperture of approximately f: 3.6 in 1840. The Petzval lens consisting of two achromatic pairs of lens was the first of the modern lens systems.

ÖDÖN

RISZDORFER

(1893-1944)

Inventor. The Eastman Kodak company began producing semiautomatic cameras, then in 1938 the automatic "Super Kodak Six 20" cameras, on the basis of Riszdorfer’s inventions and patents.

TIVADAR

PUSKAS

(1844-1893)

Inventor, an associate of T. A. Edison for some years, inventor and producer of the telephonograph, an ancestor of the modem mass-media.

LORÁND

EÖTVÖS

(1848-1919)

Physicist, professor of the university which bears his name today. Besides his numerous scientific achievements (among them the Eötvös Law, he worked out in the course of researching capillarity) he invented the Eötvös torsion pendulum, an important instrument of geophysical exploration, used throughout the world even today.

DÉNES MIHÁLY

(1894-1933)

Engineer, a pioneer of television. He presented his first, music transmitting reel of film in 1917. The “Telehor” he produced in 1919 transmitted still pictures to a distance of several kilometers. On the 8th of March 1929 he managed the first television transmission broadcast by the Berlin-Witzleben radio station.

KÁLMÁN

TIHANYI

(1897-1949)

Physicist, inventor of the forerunner of the modem television picture tube.

IMRE BRÓDY

(1891-1945)

Physicist, inventor of the krypton light-bulb in the research laboratdnes of United Incandescent Lamp Works of Budapest.

JÁNOS

NEUMANN

(1903-1957)

Mathematician, founder of the theory of sets, developer of the theory of games and by virtue of working out the basic principle of computers the father of computer technology.

PÉTER

GOLDMARK

(1906-1977)

Pioneer of colour television, developer of the longplaying record and of the video-camera.

LEÓ SZILÁRD

(1898-1964)

Physicist, biophysicist, an associate of Albert Einstein for some time. From 1939 onwards studied the theoretical problems of nuclear fission at Columbia

University with Fermi. He took part in the production of the first nuclear reactor and attained considerable results in wider fields of physics and biophysics. Together with Albert Einstein he advised President Truman against the deployment of the atomic bomb.

ZOLTÁN BAY

(born in 1900)

Physicist. He laid the foundation of radar experiments in astronomy with equipment constructed in the research laboratory of Egyesült Izzó (Tungsram) for measuring the reverberation of signals from the moon. Professor Bay who is now resident in the United States, will deliver a lecture on the Budapest conference.

JENŐ WINTER

(1898-1971)

Physicist. Author of highly important inventions concerning electronic tubes.

VILMOS BÍRÓ

(1870—1950)

Pioneer of modern methods of firefighting, constructor of the first fire-extinguishing truck that used dust. His son, Pál Bíró, who lives in Paris, further developed and perfected the work of his father.

JENŐ WIGNER

(born in 1902)

A physicist, who participated in the construction of the first nuclear reactor. In 1963 he was awarded the Nobel prize for working out the dispersion-theory of nuclear reactions. He made important contributions to the further development of the quantum-mechanical theory of multi-electron atoms and stable bodies.

DÉNES GÁBOR

(1900-1969)

Working on the improvement of the electronic microscope in England, he

discovered a completely new proceses. holography, which is based on lighting an object with a non-chromatic, coherent light—such as laser. It produces a three-dimensional representation of the object. Holography is widely used in microscopies, medicine, art and data storage.

LÁSZLÓ HELLER

(1907-1980)

Mechanical engineer, was professor of the Budapest Technical University. Inventor of the “Heller System”, which ensures the air-cooling of powerhouses. The heat-exchanger constructed of minutely fluted aluminium which is used in the system was invented by László Forgó.

LÁSZLÓ SZŰCS

(born in 1927)

Mechanical engineer, head of the R and D section of the Budapest Institute for Energy Management. The “Aquanova" system he worked out with Csaba Tasnádi and Tamás Könyey for the desalination of sea-water is successfully employed in the Caribean.

PÁL CSONKA

(born in 1896)

Mechanical engineer, retired professor of the Budapest Technical University. He achieved important results in the development of statics, the stress analysis of trusses, and the theory of stressedskin structures.

ERNŐ RUBIK

sen.

(born in 1910)

Mechanical engineer, designer of new models of sail-planes and motor-driven aircraft. His son, Ernő Rubik is a professor at the Budapest Academy of Applied Arts, and designer of the world-famous Rubik's Cube.

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