Kutatás-Fejlesztés – Tudományszervezési Tájékoztató, 1987

6. szám - Bibliográfia

606 A SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PARK IN DEBRECEN Science and technology parks starting out of the U.S.A. spring up all the world over. Their brief histories show they have important roles in the regeneration of national economies. Hungary has reached a level of development when it seems to be expedient to establish science and technology parks. On the initiative of the Ministry of Industry a Coordinating Committee on Innovation Parks was set up in 1986. In addition to its functions of making proposals, selection and doing preparatory work for decision-making this body has a very significant role in information flow. The author reviews the innovation parks established so far and the emerging ones,too; he discusses, in detail, the circumstances of the foundation of Science and Technology Park in Debrecen, its function and characteristics of activities as well. NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN THE INTERPRETATION, CONTROL AND UTILIZATION OF BASIC RESEARCH Based on the R+D statistics and research strategies of the Netherlands, Sweden, the U.S.A. and Japan the review article analyses how basic research is fitted into the R+D system; how governments seek to influence basic research, and how scientific communities try to retain the freedom of research. Since the 1960s the role of R+D has changed and become more and more significant in all the advanced industrialized countries. Some shift can be observed in R+D priorities /in the direction of industrial competitiveness/; the cooperation among universities, research institutes and industry on the one hand, and that between the public sector and the private one have increased. R+D expenditures have grown, and a greater attention is paid to the quality and effectiveness of scientific and technological activities and the application of results. Government support tends to be more and more selective; in general, there is a double-channelled support system: general support is complemented by a project-oriented amount. In the countries observed basic research has a top priority, moreover, its government support was increased when their national economies had relatively hard times.