Tudományszervezési Tájékoztató, 1964
1. szám - Bibliográfia
Science Breaks Way to the Future M.V. Keldysh, president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, wrote an article about the role of science in forming the society of the future (Pravda, November 7, 1963). This article, published here in a somewhat abridged form, deals with the results so far achieved by certain branches of sciences, gives an outline of the disciplines having the greatest possibilities of development in the near future, and discusses, as a central problem, the connection of the practical tasks of science and socio-economic construction. New Methods -of Research Organization in Highly Developed Capitalist Countries To achieve really essential, fundamental scientific results in our days, organized efforts of ever increasing communities, growing experimental apparatus, and thus an increasing and more complicated organizational structure is required. These all necessarily involve fundamental changes taking place in the basic aims of research work, and in the organizational structures as well. This study, without aiming at completeness, gives a survey of these new methods, outlines the situation of research organization between the two world wars, then briefly describes the impact of World War II. on research. It deals with the connection of the "projects" and the civil technological development in capitalist countries, with problems of patents, then turns to the period after World War II, with special regard to American achievements. A separate part of the study is devoted to the allocation problems of research, and, within this, the analysis of the ргоЫетз of time allocation. The second part of this documentary study deals in detail with the PBRT-technique , illustrating its essence and operational mechanism with examples. The Role of Science in Economic Growth Science has both direct and indirect impact on economic life. The direct impact consists of creating a new cultural and psychological atmosphere in which rationality turns into a factor transforming the society as a whole. Raising the general level of technology is linked up with the same problem. The indirect factor manifests itself in an increasing penetration into each phase of the* process of production so that the production will be an ever more materialized form of processes taking place in the course of scientific research work. This UNESCO-paper gives a comprehensive treatise on all factors and circumstances under which this 124
