Birtalan Ágnes: Kalmyk Folklore and Folk Culture in the Mid-19th Century: Philological Studies on the Basis of Gábor Bálint of Szentkatolna’s Kalmyk Texts.
FOLKLORE GENRES
transcription. All the texts recorded from the Kalmyk tongue are transcribed in both ways [i. e. in Kalmyk script and in translation]." 54 5 Bálint named all his tales as utu tüli "long tales" and marked them with numbers without giving any titles. A tentative list of titles is provided below, referring either to the protagonist or the main event of the sujet in accordance with the motif-catalogue of László Lőrincz. These pseudo-titles might help the reader to find further parallel material and also identify the sujets with tales of Mongolian or any other ethnic groups. ° First tale Boysry "The sparrow" pp. 36-38. 0 Second tale Köwün moyä xoyr "The boy and the snake" pp. 39^41. ° Third tale Künezayä "Human's fate pp. 42^5. ° Fourth tale Moyä köwün "The snake lad" pp. 46-50. D Fifth tale Tarwj xän "The Steppe-eagle khan" pp. 51-55. ° Sixth tale Zul-sar Arsln bätr "The Lampe-yellow Lion hero" pp. 56-61. ° Seventh tale Mis, noxä, xulyn "The cat, the dog and the rat" pp. 62-67. ° Eight tale Acit köwün "The benefaction of the son" or Öwgnä yurwn köwün "The old man's three sons" pp. 68-74. ° Ninth tale Űncn köwün "The orphan boy" pp. 75-81. ° Tenth tale Ordtn Bayin xän ba Erlg nomm xän "Oirats' Rich khan and Erlg, the Khan of the Holy Teaching" pp. 82-88. ° Eleventh tale Culün xar bätr "Stone-black hero" pp. 89-95. ° Twelfth tale Ulädä bätr ba Con-bawyä "Ulaadaa hero and the Wolf-wife" pp. 96-104. ° Thirteenth tale Xärii kiikn ba zäsngTn köwün "The khan's daughter and the nobleman's son" pp. 105-114. ° Fourteenth tale Jirylcn UlänXacir "The Glad Red-faced [hero]" pp. 115-125 ° Fifteenth tale Kecii Berk bätr "Hard Solid hero pp. 126-139 § FIRST TALE (Bálint 1. Utu tüli) 54 6 [36] Once a sparrow came and sat down on a mugwort. 5 4 That mugwort stung the [bird's] rear. Thereafter the sparrow went to the sheep and told it about the grass: 74 5 A dalok gyűjtését követte a nehezebb szerkezetű népmeséké, melyeket részint a gymnasinmba, részint a sebészeti tanodába, részint pedig az elemi iskolába járó és jó mesélöknek tartott, különböző törzsű, fiatal khalymikok írtak össze khálymik írással. Ezen khálymik irásu meséket tanitóm a népkiejtés szerént nekem mondatolta és igy láttuk el átírással; ezen átírást azután én fölolvastam és a netán roszul hallottakat kijavítok, erre következett a mese nyelvtani fejtegetése és értelmezése. Az igy eszközölt mesegyűjteményem 15 hosszabb és rövidebb népmesét tartalmaz khalymik betűkkel és rövidített magyaros átírással. A khalymik nyelvből gyűjtött anyag mind ilyen kettős írású." Bálint: Jelentése, p 12. 54 6 Manuscript pp. 36-38 Lajos Nagy provided an accurate transcription (based on Ramstedt's system) and a translation of this tale in his article devoted to Bálint's unedited manuscripts. Present translation does not follow Nagy's text which is in many respects correct, but is not free of mistakes. Nagy, Louis J.: G. Bálint's Journey to the Mongols and his Unedited Kalmuck Texts. In: AOHIX. (1959) pp. 31 1-327, on pp. 324-327. According to its content this tale belongs to the animal-tales and its structure to the cumulative tales. For further analysis, cf. Lőrincz Nr. I. Nr. 7. (AaTh 2034. A The wormwood does not want to rock the sparrow ) in: Lőrincz: Mongolische Märchentypen, p 17. Parallels: Xal'mg til's. II. pp. 227-228. Kalmyckije skazki. pp 135-136. Among Kalmyks it is a well known tale having more variants, such as Bor bogsada (recorded by N. OCirov in 1908), Bogsada (recorded by A. C. Bembejeva form story-teller Manjin Sanj/Sandii MandZikov in 1964), Sarada sar bogsurya (recorded by B B Mandiijeva from story-teller S. V. Boktajev in 2001). Mandiijeva compared the above mentioned three variants form the point of view of the cumulative character of tale and came to the conclusion that three tales examined by her preserved the during nine decades the plot and the main motives. 1 can add to her investigation that Bálint's tale offers an earlier variant and of the same plot and regarding the chain of motifs only the episode with the cat - being present in the three later variants - is missing form Bálint's record. Cf. MandZijeva, B. B.: Kumuljativnaja skazka u kalmykov (Sinopticeskij analiz raznovremennyh tekstov). (Manuscript).
