É. Apor , I. Ormos (ed.): Goldziher Memorial Conference, June 21–22, 2000, Budapest.

ORMOS, István: Goldziher's Mother Tongue: A Contribution to the Study of the Language Situation in Hungary in the Nineteenth Century

GOLDZIHER'S MOTHER TONGUE hands. In 1919 he founded the most important irredentist secret society of the period, the Etelköz League (Etelközi Szövetség or briefly Ex), in Szeged. In later years, when there still seemed to be a hope that the decisions of the peace treaty could be made null and void, he struggled hard to achieve this aim.'"' His nationalism even included an attempt to found a Hungarian religion amounting to "the extension of the Gospel to Hungarian practical life in its original truth". The new religion's quadruple sanctuary was to be erected on top of Gellért Hill in Budapest. The basement, the cave, was to represent ancient Hungarian paganism and white horses were to be sacrificed there, while the second level was to serve as a Roman Catholic church. The third level was to serve Protestantism in all its varieties while the fourth, representing the all-inclusive Hungarian church, was to crown the whole complex. The idea was not realized. '

7 The language of the Jews in Székesfehérvár Jews began to move to Székesfehérvár after 1790. Their number remained very small until 1840. Law No. 29 of 1840 permitted the settlement of Jews in the socalled royal free towns, of which Székesfehérvár was one."

8 Although the settlement of Jews in Székesfehérvár met with the opposition of the local townspeople,

9'' the military census (Lat. conscriptió) of 1850 records 399 souls of them.

1"" Another source states that their number had risen to around 550 by 1848."" In the 1840s the 9

6 Páter Zadravecz..., 129-130, 136, 149, 173-175. 9

7 Ibid., 145. 9

8 On the background and the circumstances of the beginnings of the settlement of Jews in Székesfehérvár, see Gábor Farkas, 'Zsidó kereskedők, kézmüiparosok betelepedése Székesfehérvár szabad királyi városba' [The Settlement of Jewish Merchants and Craftsmen in the Royal Free Borough of Székesfehérvár], Argus 6:6 (1995), 29-34; Id., 'A tőkés fejlődés és a székesfehérvári zsidóság' [Capitalist Development and the Jewry of Székesfehérvár], Argus 12:1 (2001), 74-79. 9

9 After several efforts to prohibit or at least to restrict the settlement of Jews in Székesfehérvár, a mass meeting held on 5 April 1848 declared the expulsion of Jews from the town. They left on the 7 April. The government dispatched Ferenc Pulszky, who managed to defuse the situation, allowing the Jews to return. Bernstein, A negyvennyolcas..., 35-37. I0

H Farkas, A tőkés..., 147; Id., Nemzetiségi..., 259-260. 10

1 Gábor Farkas, 'Zsidók letelepedése Székesfehérváron és az asszimilációs folyamat 18401868' [The Settlement of Jews in Székesfehérvár and the Assimilation Movement 18401868], in: A zsidók Fejér megyében 1688-1867 címmel 1986. szeptember 23-án Székesfehérváron tartott konferencia előadásai [Lectures Delivered at the Conference Held at Székesfehérvár on 23 September 1986 Under the Title «Jews in Fejér County 223