Mázi Béla, Rozsondai Marianne: A Magyar Tudományos Akadémia és az 1848/49-es forradalom és szabadságharc : kiállítás a 150 éves évfordulón a Magyar Tudomány Napja 1998-as rendezvényeihez kapcsolódóan

Guide to the Exhibition

6, 7; board 3) joined the army again. Károly Kiss (M), of the Academy's Subsection of Military Science, helped organising the National Guard in Pest in March 1848 and was subsequently in charge of military boarding schools at the Ministry of Defence. All this took place in the period of democratic change, still full of optimism. It was believed that the April Laws could be implemented within the compass of the monarchy. Although not all could take the responsibility of participating in the ensuing armed conflict, many a member of the HAS supported the unfolding war of independence. Poet Gergely CZUCZOR, OSB (M) (painting), dedicated his war-song Riadó (Alert) to soldiers of the Territorial Army (show-case 2). For the poem he was committed to six years' confinement in a fortress, to be served in chains, by an imperial military tribunal in February 1849. Scientist Jácint RÓNAY, OSB (CM) (board 8/b; show-case 6: nos. 6-8), and zoologist János HANÁK, SP (CM), (show-case 4: nos. 5, 6) joined the National Guard in autumn 1848. According to a 1948 study by historian Imre Lukinich (M), about 50% of the members found ways and means to take part in the revolution, the democratic transformation, and the war of independence. The Years of Oppression On 2 July 1849, the HAS started its summer holiday but the general session of the Sections, originally scheduled to September 4, could not convene. Due to the state of emergency proclaimed after the surrender, all sorts of associations were banned. The terror beginning in autumn 1849 also afflicted members of the HAS. Baron Zsigmond PERÉNYI (board 12), Speaker of the Upper Chamber of the Parliament and member of the Academy's Board of Directors, was put to death in October. Czuczor was in arrest again, Károly Kiss and János Korponay (CM) were sent to prison for several years. Many an exiled member (show-case 1: no. 5) was sentenced to death in absentis and symbolically hung on the gallows. The HAS itself was looked upon with suspect. President Teleki was ailing; anyway, he was counted among the unreliable for the part he had played at the last Assembly of the Estates in Transylvania. The man who upheld the idea of a Hungarian Academy was Secretary General Toldy. At the height of terror, he got together members of the HAS and organised "literary soirees" in his own home (show-case 1: no. 4).