Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)
CHAPTER EIGHT – PCR and NGS investigations
We also analyzed this marker and found numerous PCR artifacts (Figure 39). In the case of both skeletons, there were stutter artifacts; we did not find evaluable alleles in Béla Ill ’s M3 samples, while the M4 sample was evaluable. Along with truncated reads, among the repetitions, a couple of base swaps also occurred, out of these we only show one, the T>A base swap (with the arrow). In the PCR analysis conditions there are no DNA repair systems, and thus the PCR artifacts remain, causing evaluation errors in some cases. Figure 39. D19S433 marker, reverse sequence, TTCC motifs are in brackets. (The forward motif is AAGG.) T>A sequence variation occurs at the area marked by the arrow on the reverse strand, which is equivalent to an A>T transition on the forward strand. It is located on the -3’ end of the DNA strand and may have been caused by a microsatellite error of the Taq polymerase and multiplied further. A severely truncated read can also be seen due to a PCR artifact (not marked). 164
