Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)
CHAPTER SEVEN – Genetic investigations
mechanism of stutter artifacts, the fragmented DNA strand hybridizes in a flawed manner (mispairing) with a DNA template. This creates a non-base-paired loop, and causes PCR amplification slippage (Figure 30). As a result of this, the template is multiplied incorrectly during the reaction. This phenomenon depends on the following circumstances: Figure 30. Stutter artifact appears due to the DNA strand not attaching correctly, (a) During a normal replication, the two DNA strands hybridize without error, and the repeating units will be the same length. DNA strands that are created later can reattach easily and normal DNA replication can resume, (b) If the repeating unit ‘loops out’ during a newly synthesized extension in an upcoming PCR cycle, this causes insertion and allele lengthening, (c) If the looping of the repeating unit occurs on the template strand, the synthesized new strand slides forward and it will be a unit shorter than the full-length STR allele (Butler 2012). 125 Normal replication Insertion causing allele lengthening Deletion causing allele shortening
