Miklós Kásler - Zoltán Szentirmay (szerk.): Identifying the Árpád Dynasty Skeletons Interred in the Matthias Church. Applying data from historical, archaeological, anthropological, radiological, morphological, radiocarbon dating and genetic research (Budapest, 2021)
CHAPTER SEVEN – Genetic investigations
The detection of STR markers is done by taking the isolated DNA from the sample and, using the PCR method with the corresponding factory reagent kit, multiplying the chromosome region in which the marker is located. In the course of amplification, the PCR product receives a fluorescent marker, which is necessary to make the final result visible. The manufacturer of the kit used to detect STRs provides a marker set (ladder) that is equal in length to each marker s allele length, to which the PCR products are then compared and marked on a scale (electropherogram), from which the actual allele length of the marker can be read. We should note here, however, that when observing fragmented DNA samples extra peaks occurring at the wrong places or missing peaks can occur. 3. Circumstances related to A-STR markers that influence the analysis results. Summary of the literature. The effect of mutation rates on studying hereditary relations The high mutation rates of A-STR markers are especially important when it comes to the analysis of paternal/hereditary relations. When examining hereditary, and by extension father-son relations, we suppose that the alleles remain the same when they transfer over to the next generation. This is not necessarily true, however, because several factors independent of hereditary ones can influence the length of alleles (the number of repetitions), and this can lead to false conclusions. 122
