Kaján Imre (szerk.): Zalai Múzeum 20. (Zalaegerszeg, 2012)
Muzeológiai tanulmányok - Horváth László: Kora vaskori település Letenyén
Kora vaskori település Letenyén 139 in Europian Cultural Interaction 7th Century BC- lst Century AD. Dedicated to Zenon Wozniak. (Ed.: H. Dobrzanska-V. Megaw-P. Poleska) Krakow, 153-162. TERZAN 1990 Terzan, B.: Starejsazeleznadoba naSlovenskem Stajerskem. The Early Iron Age in Slovenian Styria. Katalogi in Monografije 25, Ljubljana. TERZAN 1996 Terzan, B.: Weben und Zeitmessen im südostalpinen und westpannonischen Gebiet, ln: E. Jerem - A. Lippert (Hrsg.): Die Osthallstattkultur. Akten des Internationalen Symposiums, Sopron, 10-14. Mai 1994. Archaeolingua 7, Budapest, 507-536. TIEFENGRABER 2005 Tiefengraber, G.: Untersuchungen zur Urnenfelder- und Hallstattzeit im Grazer Becken. Universitätforschungen zur prähistorischen Archäologie, 124, Bonn. TOKAI 2012 Tokai Z. M.: 22. Alsópáhok-Hévízdomb I. (Zala megye). In: Évkönyv és jelentés a Kulturális Örökségvédelmi Szakszolgálat 2009. évi feltárásáról. 2009 F.S.C.H. Yearbook and Review of Archaeological Investigations. (Ed.: Kvassay J.) Budapest, 23-24. TORBRÜGGE 1991 Torbrügge, W.: Die frühe Hallstattzeit (HA C) in chronologischen Ansichten und notwendige Randbemerkungen. Teil I. Der sogennante östliche Hallstattkreis. Jahrb. RGZM 38,223-463. VINSKI-GASPARIN1 1961 Vinski-Gasparini, K.: Iskopavanje knezevskog tumulusa kod Martijaneca u Podravini. Vjesnik AMZ, Zagreb, III/2, 39-66. VINSKI-GASPARINI 1974 Vinski-Gasparini, K.: Istrazivanja tumulusa u Gori-canu kot Cakovca. Vjesnik AMZ, Zagreb III/8, 133-134. VINSKI-GASPARINI 1987 Vinski-Gasparini, K.: Grupa Martijanec- Kaptol. In: Praistorija jugoslovenskih zemalja. V, Sarajevo, 182-231. An Early Iron Age settlement at Letenye The Early Iron Age settlement, established on the bank of Mura river’s former floodplain, presumably could be a smaller village or manor. Approximately half of the site was excavated on the trace of the M7-motorway. The settlement features (houses, pits, ditch, „distillery” pit?) enclosed two smaller spaces, surface buildings haven’t been found. We cannot clearly determine, whether the houses were residential buildings or they were used for work. According to the type of findings, the villagers evidently dealt with farming, gleaning, weaving and spinning. Traces of other activities have not been found. It could be a rarity, if our assumption of distillation is true about one of the „firing places”. The quantity of the waste that has been found in the objects shows short-term use of the settlement. The people of the village might have belonged to the poorer population, so they may have been servers of one of the nearby power centers. There were only a few fragments of fine pottery among the ceramic finds - which is also said to be natural in a settlement where mainly domestic pottery dominates, however the proportion is still remarkably small. There was only one fragment of graphic material containing ceramic (61) and one red- painted fragment (135) among the finds. The most significant finding is the rarely appearing “clay altar” or the hom-fragments of a “house- frontispiece”, of which its former location could not be clearly reconstructed. Some of its analogy is known in the north (Bratislava, Szombathely, Vát) and south (Postela) part of the eastern Hallstatt-culture. The assessment of the pottery’s fragments, the Early Iron Age settlement was established at the time of Ha C2-D1 approximately in its middle stage, around the turn of the 7/6 th century BC. There are some fragments among the ceramics, which could be rather young for the period classified. The characteristics of their ceramics are usually found in the entire eastern Hallstatt culture, almost uniform in shape, but some types demonstrate a closer relationship with the Sulm Valley and the southern areas in Slovenia. This is not surprising because of the geographical location of the Early Iron Age settlement at Letenye. However, the Mura and Drava rivers could have formed a border between ethnic groups and areas, at the same time they could have also played an important role of connecting waterways between the different regions. Translated by Lívia Simmer
