A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 24. (Veszprém, 2006)

Köhler Kitti: A lengyeli és a Balaton–Lasinja kultúra embertani leletei Veszprémből

ANTHROPOLOGICAL FINDS OF THE LENGYEL AND THE BALATON-LAS INJA CULTURE FROM VESZPRÉM During 2003, eight burials with rich grave furniture of the Lengyel culture and four graves of the Balaton-Lasinja culture were uncovered at the site of Jutási Street, Veszprém. Among the Lengyel burials, the skeletalical remains of a child, three men, three women and a juvenile person with indefinable gender could be separated. The pathological changes appearing on the bones are not considerable neither in their severity, nor in their frequency. On the basis of the noticeable hereditary epigenetic characteristics, the probable blood relationship or relational connections could not be determined, mainly because of the limescale settled on the bones. From the metrical and morphological analyses, it can be concluded that the fragment sequence is characterized by the occurrence of people with gracile and robust leptodolichomorphic skulls (Mediterranean and Nordoid types), and these represent the dominant types of the population of the Lengyel culture. The presence of the eurydolichomorphic (Cro-Magnoid) and the brachycranic (Alpine) components, which play a secondary role in the population of the culture, cannot be demonstrated among the finds in Veszprém. From among the burial places of the Balaton-Lasinja culture the anthropological remains of a child, two men and a woman were uncovered. The crumbliness of the anthropological material and the small number of instances made the analysis based on metrical and morphological data harder. All that can be defined is that the finds belong to one of the robust dolichomorpic type. The anthropological components of the population of the Balaton-Lasinja culture in the mid-Copper Age can be sketched on the basis of only a few sites and bone finds. What is for sure is that the population of the culture was heterogeneous in which the short-headed (brachycranic) components are found as well besides the robust and gracile leptodolichomorphic types. But at the moment we cannot define which one could be the general, dominant type. 46