A Veszprém Megyei Múzeumok Közleményei 22. (Veszprém, 2002)

S. Perémi Ágota: A Lesencetomaj–Piroskereszt Keszthely-kultúrás temető övveretes sírjai

(divatcikkek ?), semmint a rang- vagy a felnőttkor jelzői lehettek. A különböző fülbevalótípusok, karperecek, gyöngyök stb. átvételével együtt arra utalnak, hogy a két nép között korántsem volt olyan rossz a viszony, mint amit a kutatás feltételez, minden esetre kereskedelmi kapcsolatok voltak köztük. Az igazsághoz hozzátartozik, hogy az általam feltételezett legkésőbbi, legnyugatibb temetőrész még nincs feltárva. Itt lehetséges, hogy a melléklet nélküli sírok száma gyarapodni fog. Hogy a késői időszakban Of the 394 graves so far excavated in the LesencetomajPiroskereszt cemetery, only 11 have contained belt mountings as part of the grave furniture. For the sake of completeness, the graves are also mentioned in which the belt decorations were found among objects kept in a pouch, or strung onto a necklace (graves 204 and 237). The graves with belt mountings are to be found in all three sections of the cemetery — eastern-early, central"transitional", western-late (Figure 14). They are known from three burials in the early section: graves 67, 95 and 96. All three graves are later, subsequent burials. In the socalled "transitional" section, they were discovered in two graves, 122 and 388, both had been plundered. Most of the graves with belt mountings were in the western section of the cemetery: graves 227, 222, 223, 342, 240 and 293. Disturbance could be observed in the case of four graves: graves 221-222 and 224-227, as well as 122 and 342. It is important to note when examining the belt mountings, that in all four cases the area around the pelvis was also disturbed when the graves were plundered, so in these cases the numbers and precise positions of the belt mountings can no longer be determined. FIND MATERIAL I. Earrings. One ring made from bent bronze wire was found in each of graves 67, 96, 223, 240 and 293, on the right side of the skull in every case. 2. Beads. These were only in the children's graves. The majority of the pearls are made up of yellow or black millet seed beads, the most usual in the middle Avar period. Still later are the larger, black, melon-seed shaped beads from grave 239, which research has dated to the 8

Ш century. 3. Bracelet. Only in the child's grave 96. The surface of the bronze wire bracelet, frequent in the late Avar period, was decorated with punched triangles. 4. Buckles. Trapezoid, cast bronze buckles with iron spikes were found in graves 67 and 293 .These were frequent in the first third of the griffin and tendril period, but they remained in use until the end of the late Avar period. voltak melléklet nélkül temetkezések is, erre utalnak a két, sőt három, egymásra vagy a korábbi sírokat átvágó, melléklet nélküli, késői temetkezések. Ilyenek voltak többek közt az egymás közelében lévő 39. és 38. kora Keszthely-kultúrás mellékletű női sírok és az 50 centiméterrel magasabban előkerült 37., melléklet nélküli sír. Az viszont további vizsgálatot igényel, hogy a mellékletadás elmaradásának mi lehetett az oka. Ezúton is szeretnék köszönetet mondani Tomka Péternek a cikk lektorálásáért és jótanácsaiért. There was also a bronze buckle in grave 240, with a rectangular buckle frame decorated with filigree tendrils. According to the typology and chronology which he established, I. Kovrig has classified the buckles with tendril decorations in group 3. Iron buckles. One example was found in each of the graves 95, 96, 223 and 388. Disregarding the last of these graves, which was almost totally plundered, these served to fasten mounted belts. Two examples were in graves 122, 222 and 342. Wearing a double belt is not too frequent in the Tomaj cemetery (a total of 22 cases). With regard to their shape, four variants are known, and of these the ones with slightly indented sides may be dated to the second half of the Avar period. 5. Iron rings. Iron rings were part of the furniture of four of the Lesencetomaj graves which contained belt mountings (graves 67, 95, 96 and 223), and the object with textile residues from grave 293 was probably also a ring. 6. Iron knives. Iron knives were found besides the deceased in seven graves (67, 95, 96, 223, 227, 240, 342). Apart from the knife found in grave 227, which had a curved back, the rest had a single edge and a straight back. A fragment of another straight-backed knife was also discovered in grave 227. In general, the knives were found

. on the right side of the skeleton, in the region of the hip or thigh bone, in the place where they were worn. A knife sheath fixed with a belt joint was in grave 240. 7. Striking material, flint. Flint was only found in two graves in the cemetery, graves 223 and 222. In the latter, the fire striking material frequent in the late Avar period was found in a bundle — steel, two flints, as well as several iron implements and also iron fragments, which may have been the tools of a craftsman (goldsmith?). 8. Belt loops. Belt loops of bent iron bands were found in graves 222, 223 and 227 with the metal sheet belt mountings, as well as in grave 240 with the griffin and tendril mountings. Research generally dates the appearance of these to the middle of the 7

tn century, and reckons with their usage until the griffin and tendril belts became prevalent. 9. Belt mountings. The belt mountings already discovered in the cemetery may be classified into three types: GRAVES WITH BELT MOUNTINGS IN THE KESZTHELY CULTURE CEMETERY IN LESENCETOMAJ-PIROSKERESZT 95