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Katona-Kiss Attila: 10–11. századi oguz halomsírok a Kaszpi-tenger északi partvidékéről

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Atilla Katona-Kiss

OGHUZ MOUN DG RAVES OF THE NORTHERN COAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA

IN THE 10™-1 1th CENTURIES

In my paper my goal was, as far as the literature allows to draw a comprehensive picture about the archeological concerns of the Oguz cemetaries of the northern coast of the Caspian Sea. However, because of the kurgan-centered point of view of the Russian scholars, this topic is necessarily limited concerning social history, thus it could cover only the elite kurgans, and could not touch upon the question of the Oguz common people. The latter's archeological legacy has not yet been determined. Paralelly, the comparative examintation of the artifact material awaits for elaboration, as well as the inner chronology of the archeological material of the Oguz-era. Despite the difficulties, the compilation of the present paper is justified by the fact that no publications exist in the Hungarian literature concerning the topic. Beside the examination ofthesteppe-paralels of the archeological material of Hungary belonging to the Pechenegs and Cumans, no attention has been paid to the Oguz material, which belong to the archeological circle of late nomadic. However, without the research of this well-definable material neither the nomad (Oguz- Pecheneg) cemetery of Sharkel cannot be evaluated,

nor the 12th-century material of the 'Black Polings' which had been organized of Oguz and Pecheneg tribal fragments. The elaboration of the topic provides more extensive possibilities for the examination of the overlaps between the cemeteries of Pechenegs and Cumans, and those of the peoples lived in the northern Caspian before the Oguz.

After the introduction following section analyses the rites of the hows of the Oguz elite, and their features. The summary of the undertaking traditions followed by the inventory of the kurgans' material, divided into two groups in the unitary Oguz archeological material known so far - 1. burying of the children and women 2. men's graves. The leading objects of the material - as in many other cases - are excavated from the women's (children's) graves (drop-shaped, filigree pendants, amulets and pendants depicting birds or birdwings). The further memories are materialised in devices, jewelry and wear-elements, weapons, belt- garnitures, as well as harnesses and their trappings.The introduction of the objects and the description of their features is ended up by the summary, bibliography and related appendices.

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