Regenye Judit: Kő és agyag. Település és életmód a neolitikum-rézkor fordulóján a Dunántúlon (Veszprém, 2011)
Összefoglalás
is not evidently due to the size of the sample since a similarly low value could be determined at the Városlőd material of a high item number. The richness of plastic ornaments characterises all the sites (diagram 9). The ratio of shards with plastic ornaments is similar everywhere (7-10 %); it is somewhat lower at Szentgál-Füzi-kút (5 %). However, we could observe differences regarding the ornamented shards: the values are lower at Kaposvár and Szentgál-Teleki-dű- lő. An obvious divergence can be observed between the sites in the occurrence ratio of the various knob types. We can speak of a definite dichotomy regarding the character and the variety of plastic ornaments: Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő and Kaposvár stand on one side, Ajka, Városlőd and Szentgál-Füzi-kút on the other one. Actually, all the knob types can be found at every site yet there are slight divergences in their dominance. It is also worth comparing where the plastic ornaments are applied on the vessels: handles starting from the rim and knobs placed on the rim can have a dating force (diagram 10). Szentgál-Füzi-kút shows an unexpectedly high value regarding knobs placed on the rims, and the same value is also high at Ajka-Szent István Road. Handles starting from the rims show a more even distribution. It is interesting to note from this respect that this value is the lowest at Ajka-Pál-major, although the occurrence ratio of plastic ornaments is high as compared to all the decorated items. Painting is another ornament type that can contribute to dating (diagram 9). The statistic summary shows that there are differences between the sites. It barely appears at Szentgál-Füzi-kút, it is present only in traces at Ajka and Városlőd, while it occurs in a higher proportion at Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő. Red, white against red and black against red backgrounds were used, and there is a pinkish shade of the red colour at every site. Red was the most commonly colour used everywhere, while white painting against a red background appeared only at Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő (Plate 30. 3, 5). Black stripes against a red background were only occasionally found at all the three sites (Plate 22. 6, Plate 30. 8). At Kaposvár, the proportion of painted shards is obviously higher than at the other sites. Red colour is dominant here as well, and the pinkish shade also exists. White painting against a red background was also used. A significant difference from the sites of the Szentgál region is the occurrence of yellow painting, which points to layer of finds that is completely missing from the above mentioned group of sites. A definite difference can also be observed in the painted patterns. Spiral meander can be found at Kaposvár, while the few patterns that could be observed in the region of Szentgál were all angular. The occurrence ratio of white painting against a red background and the painted fragments shows the same dichotomy as above: Szentgál-Füzi-kút, Ajka and Városlőd stand on one side and Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő and Kaposvár on the other one. The differentiation of Kaposvár and Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő from the rest of the sites is even more striking when the complex ratio of fragments with painted and plastic ornaments are regarded (diagram 11). Where the first one is high, the second one is low, and painting even exceeds the ratio of plastic ornaments at Kaposvár,. The picture is the same regarding the complexity of the ornaments: the value is very high at Kaposvár. Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő is the second in the row, while the values are similarly low at Szentgál-Füzi-kút, Ajka and Városlőd. The ratio of incised ornaments (including all kinds of depressed patterns like dot rows) (diagram 9) is extremely high at Szentgál-Füzi-kút. Several fragments were found in the same feature. The same value is higher than the average at Városlőd as well, which links it to Füzi-kút. The ornamentation of the rim shows a similar pattem (diagram 12). The data from Ajka-Szent István Road must be neglected because it is drastically different. At the rest of the sites, we find that the notching of the rim was less characteristic at Kaposvár and Teleki-dűlő than at the rest of the sites. Horizontally cut rims occurred in approximately the same ratio, while that of profiled rims is diverse. Differences can also be observed in the execution of the ornamentation. The notching of the rims is more-or-less regular at Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő, while irregular notches can also be observed on the exterior edges of the regularly notched rims at Városlőd and Ajka, where the handles are also sometimes asymmetrically placed, perhaps in a hasty work. Regarding tempering materials, the very different data of Szentgál-Füzi-kút probably came from errors at analysis (diagram 13). The ceramics of the rest of the sites have similar compositions, only a slight divergence can be observed at Kaposvár. In this case it must have been due to the local production traditions of a distant site. The question was if the sites in the Szentgál region were absolutely contemporary. This can be excluded: there was a slight chronological difference between the settlements. Teleki-dűlő south of Szentgál was somewhat older than the rest of the sites, while no definite chronological differences could be demonstrated between the three other sites. How can these data be interpreted? They do not prove a cyclical settlement use. An earlier observation that the settlements controlled the approach roads to Tűzköves hill also contradicts the cyclical settlement idea. The chronological data rather suggest a gradual settlement. It should also be noted from this respect that life started at the Veszprém settlement the largest site of the region at the same time as at Szentgál-Teleki-dűlő. As 88
