A Balaton-felvidék népi építészete. A Balatonfüreden, 1997. május 21-23-án megrendezett konferencia anyaga (Szentendre-Veszprém, 1997)

Körmendy József: Római katolikus plébániaépületek a Balaton-felvidéken a canonica visitatiók alapján

Roman-catholic parsonages in the Balaton-Uplands following the „Visitationes Canonicae" JÓZSEF KÖRMENDY The diocese of Veszprém, which comprised the counties of Veszprém, Fejér and Zala, shrunk during the 150 years of Turkish occupation from 2881 parishes to 734. With other words, 2147 independent municipalities (villages and towns) were destroyed. The priests became old and died. No new generation followed them because the church schools also perished. Some of the empty parsonages was occupied by catholic priests, the rest of them decayed neglected. After the Turks had been driven out of the country, the education of priests started again. The bishop Ottó Volkra founded in 1711 the "Seminary St. Anna" in Veszprém, which closed down after his death in 1722 but reopened in 1745 thanks to Márton Padányi Biró. The subject of this essay can be found in the visiting records (Visitationes Canonicae) in the Archives of the Archbishop of Veszprém with following shelf-marks: A8/2./1745, A8/6./1747, A8/12./1779, A8/14./1778, A8/21./1816. The studied area is north of the Balaton, reaching from Vörösberény to Zalavár. The names of the parishes are written with modern spelling, the old names are indicated between ( ). For the presentation of the building material of the parsonages we will use following symbols: D hard material (stone, brick, clayey mud, ruin), H twined wattle (on a foundation of timber groundsills wooden posts have been fixed, which were held together on the top strongly by horizontal logs. This wooden frame was filled with twined wattle and daubed thick with clayey mud mixed with straw inside and outside and finally whitewashed. A made of stone, walls made of wooden logs, inside daubed with clayey mud and whitewashed. Ш parsonage of wood and twined wattle. The rooms of the parsonages were provided with timber and lath ceilings and their roofs were covered with reed or sheaves of thatch, sometimes with shingles. The parsonages comprised mostly 2-3 rooms, some had 4 or even 5 rooms. The curate used to live in a separate room and each of the servants slept in a separate bedroom. Normally a wine-cellar was also part of the parsonage in wine-regions. Since most of the priests had to farm as well, the parsonages were completed with farm buildings (stable, barn, shed). These are not always noted down in the Visitationes Canonicae because it was a fact of common knowledge. Whenever a parsonage was built, the founder of the church provided the land, the building material and the plan and he paid also the workers. The community of the faithful contributed to the construction work with haulage and manual work. After that the financial support of the building was the duty of the faithful. However, big renovations have been financed by the founder. Parsonages of the studied period, which are functioning even today remained only in Keszthely and in Felsőörs. 228