Savaria - A Vas Megyei Múzeumok értesítője 24/3. (1997) (Szombathely, 1997)

Kovács Tibor: A kiskőszegi (Battina) bronzkori és korai vaskori ékszerlelet

SAVARIA 24/3 (1998-1999) PARS ARCHAEOLOGICA THE FINDS OF THE EARLY IRON AGE ASSEMBLAGE 1-2. Cast anthropomorphic pendant or amulet. The head is flat and has a perforation. The arms are horizontal, the lower part of the pendant is triangular. There are two small rings at the waist, perhaps for linking into a chain. The pendant is undecorated. Height 3.8 cm, 3.9 cm, width at the base c. 2.7 cm, 2.8 cm, damaged (Fig. 2. 2-3). 3. Cast anthropomorphic pendant or amulet. The obverse is decorated with a barely prominent sun wheel motif. One of the rings at the waist is fragmentary. The back is undecorated. H. 3.7 cm, width at the base 2.6 cm (Fig. 2.1). There are four comparable pendants in the collection of the Hungarian National Museum which were also purchased from László Mauthner. (Inv. no. 91/1925. 2-3.) However, only three of these pendants could be found during the 1958 review of the collections. These are the following: 4-5. Cast pendants or amulets, identical to nos 1-2. Height 3.8 cm, width at the base 2.9 cm (Fig. 2.4,6). 6. Cast pendant or amulet, similar to no. 3. Height 3.8 cm, width at the base 3.1 cm (Fig. 2. 5). Owing to the similarities in their form and decoration, there can be no doubt that the pendants purchased from László Mauthner in the 1920s and the ones which reached the Hungarian National Museum from his collection were part of the same assemblage. An indirect proof for this is that comparable pendants are unknown from the Carpathian Basin. Only so much was certain that these pendants were part of the ritual/symbolic representations of the Urnfield culture and Hallstatt culture in the Middle Danubian region (GALLUS - HORVÁTH 1939, Pl. VU, 7-10; KOSSACK 1954, 40-43, 93-94, 122, Pl. 15; VINSKIGASPARINI 1973, 218, Fig. 48,23; HASE 1992, 249250, Fig. 13-14.). The single good analogy to these pendants comes from Dalmatia. One of the Early Iron Age burials of the Late Bronze Age-Early Iron Age Japoda culture from the Kompolje cemetery yielded a ^similar pendant (Fig. 2,8). This pendant was interpreted as a dress ornament in the shape of a female figure by Drescher-Bizic (1984. 408, PI. 44, 20). Although we would rather interpret this find as a pendant or amulet, these stylistic representations nonetheless indicate the possible relations between the Early Iron Age population groups living in the southern areas of the Carpathian Basin and Dalmatia. (Angol fordítás: Seleanu Magdaléna) LITERATURE BANDI 1967a BANDI 1967b BANDI 1968 BANDI 1970 BANDI 1971 BANDI 1972 BANDI 1984a BANDI 1984b BANDI Gábor: A dél-dunántúli mészbetétes edények népe kultúrájának eredete és elterjedése - The Extension and Origin of the incrusted Pottery Culture in Southern Transdanubia. Dunántúli Dolgozatok 4. Pécs, 1967. BANDI Gábor: Adatok a mészbetétes edények népe észak-dunántúli csoportjának történetéhez. - Zur Geschichte der Völkergruppe mit inkrustierten Keramik im nördlichen Teil Transdanubiens. JPMÉ 12 (1967) 25-33. BANDI Gábor: A dunántúli mészbetétes edények népének kelet-magyarországi kapcsolatai - The East-Hungarian Relations of the People of Transdanubien Incrusted Pottery. JPMÉ 13 (1968) 63-73. BANDI, Gábor: Das bronzezeitliche Brandgräberfeld von Környe-Fácánkert. Alba Regia 11 (1970) 7-34. BANDI, Gábor: Untersuchung der Bestattungsbräuche bei bronzezeitlichen Brandgräberfeldern. JPMÉ 16 (1971) 59-67. BANDI Gábor: A mészbetétes edények népe észak-dunántúli csoportjának kialakulása és elterjedése - Die Entstehung und Verbreitung der nord-transdanubischen Gruppe des Volkes der inkrustierten Keramik. VMMK 11 (1972) 41-58. BANDI, Gábor: Die „Kisapostag-Problematik." In: N. Tasié (ed.), Kulturen der Frühbronzezeit des Karpatenbecken und Nordbalkans. Beograd, 1984. 257-266. BANDI, Gábor: Die Kultur der transdanubischen inkrustierten Keramik. In: N. Tasié (ed.), Kulturen der Frühbronzezeit des Karpatenbeckens und Nordbalkans. Beograd, 1984. 267-281. 26