Az Alpokalja természeti képe közlemények 4. (Praenorica - Folia historico-naturalia. Szombathely, 2001)

Zagyva Tibor: Szubalpin gyepek mikológiai felmérése az Őrségi Tájvédelmi Körzetben

Praenorica Folia historico-naturalia, IV (2001) the identification of these particular fungi. JORDAL and GAARDER (1993) have ventured even further than NITARE. They weight the species of fungi differently during their surveys in western Norway. Moreover, they include more species in their assessments, for example Bovista and species of Mycena. Very rare grassland species, which in red data books of one or more countries are classified as endangered or vulnerable are given the maximum score of 8 points. Rare species, mainly found in grasslands and included in red data books are given 4 points. Less rare species, mainly found on grasslands and classified in red data books as rare or care demanding are given 2 points. Species mainly found on grasslands, but with a wide variety of other habitats and not included in red data books are given 1 point. Species which are not restricted to grasslands are given 0 point. Grasslands, which obtain 15 points after one visit or 25-30 points after repeated visits are classified as having regional conservation value, and localities which obtain 30-35 points after one visit or 50-60 points after repeated visits are classified as having national conservation value. JORDAL and GAARDER state, moreover, that an individual judgement should reincluded in the classification of each locality. The advantage of JORDAL and GAARDER'

s system is that it weights the species differently, so that localities with very rare or endangered species achieve a higher score than other localities and consequently are given high attention. But the system requires a very good knowledge of many groups of fungi. In OLP A. 18 grasslands have until now been identified as being of national conservation value as Hygrocybe localities by using the method of RALD. These grasslands would achieve the same status if either of the three other methods were applied. Generally, the three methods described result in a very similar classification. The three methods described can probably be applied to any grassland locality in the lowlands of Northwestern Europe, but the methods have to be adjusted to the local grassland funga. Species, which are valuable as indicators in ŐLPA may not necessarily be of the same value in other parts of Northwestern Europe, and vice versa. Traditionally, identification difficulties constitute a major drawback for using fungi as indicator organisms, and in some of the indicator groups, like Leptonia expertise is required to identify the species. Another drawback is that the assessment of grasslands is dependent on the presence of carpophores. They are usually present during late summer and autumn, but the fructification is very dependent on the amount of precipitation. In very dry seasons the fungi may develop very few fruitbodies or none at all. Moreover, there is a large inter-annual variation in the number of carpophores present on a grassland, even if the precipitation is adequate. Yet another problem is that some species occur very early in the season, and others late in the season. Therefore, it is necessary to survey a grassland several times during the season as well as for some years. 169