Az Alpokalja természeti képe közlemények 4. (Praenorica - Folia historico-naturalia. Szombathely, 2001)

Melika, George–Bechtold, Mária: Oak gall wasps of Kőszeg vicinity (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

MELIKA, G. — BECHTOLD, M.: Oak gall wasps of Kőszeg vicinity (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) Cynips divisa Hartig, 1840 — Alternate asexual and sexual generations are known. Both induce galls on leaves on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. Cynips longiventris Hartig, 1840 — Alternate asexual (leaf galls) and sexual (galls on the bark of the main trunk, on dormant buds, and less often on younger shoots) generations are known Q. robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens. Cynips quercus (Fourcroy, 1785) — Only the asexual generation is known to induce leaf galls on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. Cynips quercusfolii (Linnaeus, 1758) — Alternate asexual (galls on underside of leaves) and sexual (bud galls) generations are known on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur; more rarely on Q. cerris. Neuroterus aggregatus (Wachtl, 1880) — Only the asexual generation is known to induce galls in adventitious buds on Q. cerris only. Alsó-forest only. Neuroterus albipes Schenck, 1863 — Alternate asexual and sexual generations are known. Both generations induce galls on leaves on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens, and Q. robur; occasionally on Q. cerris. KIEFFER (1897-1901) described a new variety of this species, N. laeviusculus var. reflexus, which later was erected to the subspecies level, Neuroterus albipes rejlexus (DALLA TORRE & KIEFFER, 1910). In Hungary this subspecies associates with Q. robur only (AMBRUS, 1961, 1974). Neuroterus anthracina (Curtis, 1838) — Alternate asexual (small rounded leaf galls) and sexual (galls on the surface of the shoot axis) generations are known on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. Neuroterus lanuginosus Giraud, 1859 — Only the asexual generation is known to induce spangle-like galls, usually found in small groups on the underside on Q. cerris leaves. Alsó-forest only. '. . Neuroterus macropterus (Hartig, 1843) — Only the asexual generation is known to induce galls within the apex of shoots 1-2 years oldi often found in large groups on Q. cerris. Alsó-forest only. Neuroterus minutulus Giraud, 1859 — Only the asexual generation is known to induce leaf galls on veins, usually on the underside of the leaf on Q. cerris only. Alsó-forest only. Neuroterus numismalis (Fourcroy, 1785) — Alternate asexual (spangle leaf galls) and sexual (circular parenchymatous leaf galls, in vein axils or at the leaf margin) generations are known on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (Linnaeus, 1758) — Alternate asexual (spangle leaf galls) and sexual (catkin galls) generations are known on Q. petraea, Q. pubescens and Q. robur. Neuroterus saliens (Kollár, 1857) — Alternate asexual (acorn galls) and sexual (galls on shoots) generations are known on Q. cerris only. Another genus, Synophrus Hartig, 1843, with only one known species from Europe, S. politus Hartig, 1843 which is very common in Hungary and in Kőszeg vicinity. Originally it was described as a gall inducer, however, on the basis of the morphological characters of adults, without doubts, this genus belongs to cynipid inquilines. Synophrus has never been a subject to detailed research and, thus, it is 122