Istvánovits Eszter: International Connections... (Jósa András Múzeum Kiadványai 47. Aszód-Nyíregyháza, 2001)
Andrea Vaday: Military system of the Sarmatians
The following power relations can be read from the description of the peace negotiations: Rex Quadorum Viduarius * Araharius Regalis Transiugitani et partis Quadorum inter optimates excellens, agminum gentilium dux Ф Rex Sarmatarum (nomen?) Ф Vitrodorus Regalis Viduari filius Ф Usafer Regalis partis Sarmatarum inter optimates excellens, agminum gentilium dux Ф Zizais Regalis (ordo Sarmatarum) Ф Agilimundus Subregulus * Rumo Subregulus Ф Zinafer Subregulus Ф Frag i led us Subregulus Ф Optimates et iudices Gens Gens Optimates Ф Gens Gens the combined peace negotiations. 34 The reason is either that the kings themselves did not appear before the Emperor, since the adoration required would have been an acknowledgement of their subordination to the Romans and meant the loss of their credibility with their own people, or that it was a customary diplomatic measure to send the regalis to the negotiations. It is also possible that had he subordinated himself so abjectly, the king would no longer have been able to act as a negotiating partner of the Romans; after all, the kings were generally ignored during the peace negotiations, being regarded as scapegoats. This is further suggested by the fact that when Constantine appointed Zizais regalis as the new king, the source does not even mention the earlier king in its rather detailed description. The next rank after the king was the regalis. We cannot say if these were always related to the king by blood. In the case of Vitrodorus, the inheritance by kinship is evident. The Quadian Araharius and the Sarmatian Usafer were regales. Their strikingly identical characterisations contained the expression "inter optimates excellens", but this did not signify royal blood and, in their case, the tides were different from that of Vitrodorus. Both stood at the head of their own peoples (preerat), which comprised only a part of the Quadi and the Sarmatians. The word preerat, however, would make no sense if a His name was also mentioned as a fiction.
