A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 48. (Nyíregyháza, 2006)

Régészet - János Makkay: The Late Bronze Age hoard of Nadap

The Late Bronze Age hoard of Nadap body (No. 268), and the third is a nearly complete piece where only the needle is missing. Its headplate is decorated (No. 269). Three more objects are distorted, but they can be considered as arm spirals as well as spiral ended fibulae with triangular small pendants in two cases (Nos. 266, 270-271). They have to be either one or the other. 272-275. Tutuli (Plate XXVII). Four partly broken pieces are present, and they belong to very different types. Nos. 274-275 can also represent a type which occurs in a hoard from County Tolna and also in the Kurd assemblage (JANKOVITS 1996/97. Fig. 3., the lowest row, Nos. 3-7.), and they dates slightly before to the PreScythian period characterized by well-known types of horse bits.

10 276. Ringed pendant or tutulus (Plate XXVII). 277-280. Chain pendant (Plate XXVII), consisting of rings of semicircular and triangular section, arranged into vertical and horizontal rows. Two more curious bronze objects (Nos. 279-280) could have been parts of such a long chain-and-bar pendant. For a similar arrangement, see the Blatnitza pendant, now in the Hungarian National Museum (GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 29. and 32: 1.). 281-290. Ten beads of biconical section (Plate XXVII). 291-292. Parts of model wagons? (Plate XXVIII) A longitudinally perforated axle (No. 291) and another perforated piece can be considered parts of model wagons. For a good parallel of piece No. 292 see a very similar piece from Somlyóhegy (Transdanubia), a grave-find (GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 57: 8.), while an object somewhat similar to our piece No. 291 was published from the Kiskőszeg assemblages (GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 36: 13.). 293-310. Horse gear (Plate XXVIII-XXIX). Horse harnessing is only represented by 18 phalerae, which fall into different types, and also by a few pieces which can be considered as parts of horse bits of quite late dating (see Nos. 305 and 328-329). 293-310. Phalerae (Plate XXVIII-XXIX). Large flat conical discs with a relatively small loop on the inner surface mostly ribboned around the centre or on their edges (Nos. 293-299. Similar phalerae of smaller size (Nos. 300, 303-304, 307-310). One has a loop which is quadrangular in section (No. 307). Piece No. 302 is double-looped while No. 301 is multi-perforated. One similar small piece is nearly semicircular in section (No. 306). 305. Strap crossing No. 305 (Plate XXIX) is extremely important for chronological reasons. It was found during the digging by Szűcs and the boys,

11 and Szűcs insisted that it was associated with the other pieces of the hoard. A good parallel of this phalera or simply four-sided strap crossing is known from the famous Kiskőszeg cemetery dating into the Early Iron Age i.e. the so-called Pre-Scythian or Cimmerian period (GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 34: 2-3, from the Frey-Collection). Other types of our phalerae also have their close parallels in such assemblages, especially those two disc-shaped pieces which were found at nearby Dinnyés on Velence Lake (GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 9: 12. See also piece No. 306., and GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 17: 1., 3^L See also GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 69B: 2., from Nagyenyed-Kakasdomb in Transylvania.). For their exact parallel see GALLUS-HORVÁTH 1939. PL 40: 4. The piece can clearly be seen amongst the pieces S. Szűcs brought in the Székesfehérvár Museum: Fig. 2.