A Nyíregyházi Jósa András Múzeum évkönyve 46. (Nyíregyháza, 2004)

Régészet - Mikhailo Potushniak: Data the question of the Stračevo/Körös Culture dwellings in the Upper Tisza Region

Data to the question of the Starcevo/Körös Culture dwellings ... Semi-subterranean house 2/77 (fig 5-5a) was traced at a distance of 6 m from the eastern wall of house 1/76 and la/76. It was represented by an irregular, rectangular pit oriented from the east to the west. It was 11x8.2 m large and 0.3-0.8 m deep. The outlines of the feature were found under the level of ploughing, on the level of subsoil. During the research of the pit above its level, we could trace a layer of strongly stamped, 0.2 m thick yellow subsoil clay containing only organic compounds. This layer could be followed especially along and outside the walls of the pit. During the cleaning we felt that this layer could be cut easily only when slicing it horizontally in large stripes. Under this layer of soil the outlines of the dwelling pit could be traced. We suggest that this layer belonged to the collapsed clay walls along the outlines of the pit. Despite of the large excavated surface outside the dwelling pit, we did not observe any post-holes. The base of the pit, especially under the walls, was cut by pits of different shapes and depth. The central part of the feature had a more or less even base. The southeastern corner of the dwelling pit was followed by a small triangular, 10 sq. m large part of a building. This must had been the entrance room. Here we could observe the entrance in the shape of steps cut into the eastern wall of the room. In the semi-subterranean house we found two heating devices. In the centre there was an open fireplace with a plain, roundish base that was plastered with a thin layer of clay burned to red. The clay kiln could be situated under the northern wall, at the base of one of the pits. Here we unearthed Fig. 5a Settlement Zastavne-Mala Hora/ Zápszony-Kishegy Profiles of dwelling 2/77. 1: ploughing level, 2: cultural layer, 3: vessels, 4: remains of clay walls, 5: burned clay, 6: grinding stone, 7: subsoil, 8: clay plastering of the kiln, 9: fire-place 5a. kép Zápszony-Kishegy/ Zastavne-Mala Hora 2/77. épület metszete 1: szántott réteg, 2: kultúrréteg 3: kerámia, 4: agyagfal maradványai, 5: égett agyag, 6: őrlőkő, 7: altalaj, 8: tűzhely agyagtapasztása, 9: tűzhely