Somogyi Múzeumok Közleményei 17/B. - Természettudományi tanulmányok (2006)

Pál-Fám Ferenc, Boros Veronika: Nagygombák vizsgálata Kaposvár városban - Macrofungi examination in Kaposvár city, southwest Hungary

IS Macrofungi examination in Kaposvár city, southwest Hungary FERENC PÁL-FÁM, VERONIKA BOROS Nowadays, due to increasing environmental damage caused by human activities the role of environment- and nature conservation became more and more important. The area of built landscape became significant. In contrary the knowledge on species, plant, animal and fungal communities established in suchlike habitats is poor. Present work concerns the results of macrofungi examination effectuated in Kaposvár city in 2003. The habitats were divided in three major groups due to the intensity of human influence: 1/ urban areas most closest to natural habitats like the suburbs and places less exposed to pollution or/and cultivation (but not ecological equilibrated plant associations, forest or grassland stands); 2/ habitats under crop in the city like gardens, parks; and 3/ the most polluted and unnatural habitats like the city centre, edges of asphalt roads etc. As result of 16 field trips a total number of 64 macrofungi species were recorded and documented with 142 occurrence data. From these 15 species are mentioned in the Red List as endangered. According to species number fructifying in the mentioned year the „garden, park" habitat group was the richest, followed by „roadsides", while the „close natural" group was the poorest. The endangered species fructified in biggest number and proportion in „roadsides" and „gardens, parks". One single protected species (Volvariella bombycina) have been also documented. The functional distribution showed significantly high necrotrophic parasite proportion (comparing with natural habitats). Beside, low mycorrhizal and high soil saprotrophic percentage characterises all these habitats. Only the species set of „garden, park" habitat group showed community structure, but probably it is not a community because of the high fragmentation. A number of 10 species can be considered as typical „urban" species, between them the only protected Volvariella bombycina. Totally 10 from the documented species were considered having indicative value, 7 indicating human disturbance. Because of the short period of the field work present results and findings are valid only for the year 2003.